Amoeba实现读写分离配置（记录篇）

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-14 16:16:57 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-14 16:16:57 发布

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在前一篇：MySQL主从复制配置（记录篇）（https://blog.csdn.net/wszhlzjl/article/details/108974670）的基础上，使用Amoeba实现读写分离。

阿里巴巴的开源项目Amoeba，具有负载均衡、高可用性、sql过滤、读写分离、可路由，并且安装配置非常简单。

Amoeba的安装

部署环境：

amoeba:192.168.1.31

masterDB：192.168.1.31

slaveDB：192.168.1.56

以上系统全为centos7

1、Amoeba框架是居于JDK1.5开发的，采用了JDK1.5的特性，所以还需要安装java环境，建议使用javaSE1.5以上的JDK版本，我装的是1.8。

[root@bogon src]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u261-linux-x64.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:jdk1.8.0_261           ########################################### [100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
    tools.jar...
    plugin.jar...
    javaws.jar...
    deploy.jar...
    rt.jar...
    jsse.jar...
    charsets.jar...
    localedata.jar...

然后设置java环境变量

//在 /etc/profile中添加
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

//最后记录重载一下
[root@bogon amoeba]# source /etc/profile

可以用java -version测试是否安装成功

2、安装Amoeba

可以从https://sourceforge.net/projects/amoeba/下载最新版本的Amoeba，我下载的是amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip。Amoeba直接解压即可使用，这里将Amoeba解压到/usr/local/amoeba目录下。

3、配置Amoeba

Amoeba的配置文件位于/usr/local/amoeba/conf目录下。配置文件比较多，但是仅仅使用读写分离功能，只需配置两个文件，dbServers.xml和amoeba.xml，如果需要配置ip访问控制，还需要修改access_list.conf文件，下面首先介绍dbServers.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:dbServers SYSTEM "dbserver.dtd">
<amoeba:dbServers xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
        <!--
            Each dbServer needs to be configured into a Pool,
            If you need to configure multiple dbServer with load balancing that can be simplified by the following configuration:
             add attribute with name virtual = "true" in dbServer, but the configuration does not allow the element with name factoryConfig
             such as 'multiPool' dbServer  
        -->
       
    <dbServer name="abstractServer" abstractive="true">
        <factoryConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory">
            <property name="connectionManager">${defaultManager}</property>
            <property name="sendBufferSize">64</property>
            <property name="receiveBufferSize">128</property>
               
            <!-- mysql port -->
            <property name="port">3306</property>　　#设置Amoeba要连接的mysql数据库的端口，默认是3306
           
            <!-- mysql schema -->
            <property name="schema">mytest</property>　　#设置缺省的数据库，当连接amoeba时，操作表必须显式的指定数据库名，即采用dbname.tablename的方式，不支持 use dbname指定缺省库，因为操作会调度到各个后端dbserver
           
            <!-- mysql user -->
            <property name="user">test1</property>　　#设置amoeba连接后端数据库服务器的账号和密码，因此需要在所有后端数据库上创建该用户，并授权amoeba服务器可连接
           
            <property name="password">123456</property>
        </factoryConfig>
        <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.toolkit.common.poolable.PoolableObjectPool">
            <property name="maxActive">500</property>　　#最大连接数，默认500
            <property name="maxIdle">500</property>　　　　#最大空闲连接数
            <property name="minIdle">1</property>　　　　#最新空闲连接数
            <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property>
            <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property>
            <property name="testOnBorrow">true</property>
            <property name="testOnReturn">true</property>
            <property name="testWhileIdle">true</property>
        </poolConfig>
    </dbServer>
    <dbServer name="master"  parent="abstractServer">　　#设置一个后端可写的dbServer，这里定义为master，这个名字可以任意命名，后面还会用到
        <factoryConfig>
            <!-- mysql ip -->
            <property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.31</property> #设置后端可写dbserver，因为我的amoeba与master数据库在同一台机器上，也可以设置为127.0.0.1
        </factoryConfig>
    </dbServer>
   
    <dbServer name="slave"  parent="abstractServer">　　#设置后端可读dbserver
        <factoryConfig>
            <!-- mysql ip -->
            <property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.56</property>
        </factoryConfig>
    </dbServer>
   
    <dbServer name="multiPool" virtual="true">　　#设置定义一个虚拟的dbserver，实际上相当于一个dbserver组，这里将可读的数据库ip统一放到一个组中，将这个组的名字命名为myslave
        <poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
            <!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
            <property name="loadbalance">1</property>　　#选择调度算法，1表示复制均衡，2表示权重，3表示HA， 这里选择1
           
            <!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
            <property name="poolNames">master,slave</property>　　#multiPool组成员,这里把master也加入其中，这样在amoeba.xml中就可配置master为可读可写
        </poolConfig>
    </dbServer>
       
</amoeba:dbServers>

另一个配置文件amoeba.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd">
<amoeba:configuration xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
    <proxy>
   
        <!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
        <service name="Amoeba for Mysql" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MySQLService">
            <!-- port -->
            <property name="port">8066</property>　　　　#设置amoeba监听的端口，默认是8066
           
            <!-- bind ipAddress -->　　　　#下面配置监听的接口，如果不设置，默认监听所有的IP
            <!--
            <property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>
             -->
           
            <property name="connectionFactory">
                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory">
                    <property name="sendBufferSize">128</property>
                    <property name="receiveBufferSize">64</property>
                </bean>
            </property>
           
            <property name="authenticateProvider">
                <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">
                   
# 提供客户端连接amoeba时需要使用这里设定的账号 (这里的账号密码和amoeba连接后端数据库服务器的密码无关)
                    <property name="user">root</property>　　　　
                   
                    <property name="password">123456</property>
                   
                    <property name="filter">
                        <bean class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.authenticate.server.IPAccessController">
                            <property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
                        </bean>
                    </property>
                </bean>
            </property>
           
        </service>
       
        <runtime class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext">
           
            <!-- proxy server client process thread size -->
            <property name="executeThreadSize">128</property>
           
            <!-- per connection cache prepared statement size  -->
            <property name="statementCacheSize">500</property>
           
            <!-- default charset -->
            <property name="serverCharset">utf8</property>
           
            <!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) -->
            <property name="queryTimeout">60</property>
        </runtime>
       
    </proxy>
   
    <!--
        Each ConnectionManager will start as thread
        manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection
    -->
    <connectionManagerList>
        <connectionManager name="defaultManager" class="com.meidusa.toolkit.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
            <property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.toolkit.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property>
        </connectionManager>
    </connectionManagerList>
   
        <!-- default using file loader -->
    <dbServerLoader class="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader">
        <property name="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property>
    </dbServerLoader>
   
    <queryRouter class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter">
        <property name="ruleLoader">
            <bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader">
                <property name="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property>
                <property name="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property>
            </bean>
        </property>
        <property name="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property>
        <property name="LRUMapSize">1500</property>
        <property name="defaultPool">master</property>　　#设置amoeba默认的池，这里设置为master
       
       
        <property name="writePool">master</property>　　#这两个选项默认是注销掉的，需要取消注释，这里用来指定前面定义好的俩个读写池
        <property name="readPool">multiPool</property>　　 #这样master就配置成可读可写
       
        <property name="needParse">true</property>
    </queryRouter>
</amoeba:configuration>

4、分别在masterdb和slavedb上为amoedb授权

mysql> GRANT ALL ON mytest.* TO 'test1'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

5、启动amoeba

/usr/local/amoeba/bin/launcher //启动amoeba
//报错
Error: JAVA_HOME environment variable is not set.
//查看一下环境配置文件
vim /etc/profile
//重载一下
source /etc/profile
//再启动
/usr/local/amoeba/bin/launcher

//可能会再报以下错误
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
The stack size specified is too small, Specify at least 228k
Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.
Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.

解决问题：

修改jvm.properties文件JVM_OPTIONS参数。

vim /usr/local/amoeba/jvm.properties 
改成：JVM_OPTIONS="-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Xss256k -XX:PermSize=16m -XX:MaxPermSize=96m"
原为：JVM_OPTIONS="-server -Xms256m -Xmx1024m -Xss196k -XX:PermSize=16m -XX:MaxPermSize=96m"

再次启动

[root@localhost bin]# ./launcher
Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.
Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
 2020-10-09 11:57:18 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=3938 , starting...
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba/conf/log4j.xml
2020-10-09 11:57:18,454 INFO  context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba/conf/access_list.conf
2020-10-09 11:57:18,698 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.
 2020-10-09 13:04:13 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=3938 , System shutdown ....
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=16m; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=96m; support was removed in 8.0
 2020-10-09 13:04:19 [INFO] Project Name=Amoeba-MySQL, PID=7446 , starting...
log4j:WARN log4j config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba/conf/log4j.xml
2020-10-09 13:04:19,799 INFO  context.MysqlRuntimeContext - Amoeba for Mysql current versoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA
log4j:WARN ip access config load completed from file:/usr/local/amoeba/conf/access_list.conf
2020-10-09 13:04:20,001 INFO  net.ServerableConnectionManager - Server listening on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:8066.

6、测试

连接Amoeba

mysql -h192.168.1.31 -uroot -p -P8066

Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1404845684
Server version: 5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-3.0.4-BETA MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

连接成功，但在我创建表时报以下错误

ERROR 1044 (42000): Could not create a validated object, cause: ValidateObject failed

解决办法：

dbServers.xml中的用户，需要在主从机上分配权限。同时注意该文件中的

<property name="schema">mytest</property>

mytest数据库肯定是要存在的。注：mysql授权后一定要 flush privilege;

之后就可以随意玩啦！！

附：

Amoeba主配置文件($AMOEBA_HOME/conf/amoeba.xml)，用来配置Amoeba服务的基本参数，如Amoeba主机地址、端口、认证方式、用于连接的用户名、密码、线程数、超时时间、其他配置文件的位置等。

数据库服务器配置文件($AMOEBA_HOME/conf/dbServers.xml)，用来存储和配置Amoeba所代理的数据库服务器的信息，如:主机IP、端口、用户名、密码等。

切分规则配置文件($AMOEBA_HOME/conf/rule.xml)，用来配置切分规则。

数据库函数配置文件($AMOEBA_HOME/conf/functionMap.xml)，用来配置数据库函数的处理方法，Amoeba将使用该配置文件中的方法解析数据库函数。

切分规则函数配置文件($AMOEBA_HOME/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml)，用来配置切分规则中使用的用户自定义函数的处理方法。

访问规则配置文件($AMOEBA_HOME/conf/access_list.conf)，用来授权或禁止某些服务器IP访问Amoeba。

日志规格配置文件($AMOEBA_HOME/conf/log4j.xml)，用来配置Amoeba输出日志的级别和方式。

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