<Qt5 实战>No.02 简易软键盘 - 支持中文输入

一、Qt版本：Qt 5.9.3 (MSVC 2015, 32 bit)

二、局限性： 

1）只适用于QLineEdit，但可按需更改。

2）界面简单。只提供了中英文输入，数字输入，大小写转换，其它功能暂未实现。

3）ARM开发板上中文乱码。后续看情况调试更新。

更新日志：2018年01月18日更新，解决ARM开发板中文输入乱码。

更新代码在这里列出，下面的源代码就不改了。

（1）添加头文件：
#include <QTextCodec>

（2）在loadziku()函数（第99行）中：

①第110行 QString zikuAll; 代码行上面一行添加：

QTextCodec *codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");

②第121行 QString str = QString::fromLocal8Bit(buf); 改为：

QString str = codec->toUnicode(buf);

三、来一截图展示：

四、上代码：

1）头文件：keyboard.h

#ifndef KEYBOARD_H
#define KEYBOARD_H

#include <QDialog>

#include <QButtonGroup>
#include <QList>
#include <QLineEdit>

namespace Ui {
class KeyBoard;
}

class KeyBoard : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit KeyBoard(QWidget *parent = 0, QLineEdit *LineEdit = 0);
    ~KeyBoard();
    QString outputStr;

protected:
    QString findChinese(QString PinYin);
    void setHanziBt();

private slots:
    void on_caps_Bt_clicked();
    void slot_numClicked(QAbstractButton *bt);
    void slot_carClicked(QAbstractButton *bt);
    void slot_hanziBtClicked(QAbstractButton *bt);

    void on_zh_us_Bt_clicked();
    void on_delBt_clicked();
    void on_nextBt_clicked();
    void on_prevBt_clicked();
    void on_closeBt_clicked();

private:
    Ui::KeyBoard *ui;

    bool isCap; // 大小写控制

    QButtonGroup *carGroup;
    QList<QAbstractButton *> carList;
    QList<QAbstractButton *> zhList;

    QStringList zikuList; // 字库一行一行分割

    int pageAll; // 总页数
    int curPage; // 当前页
    QStringList pageList; // 查找出的字符串10个10个分割

    QLineEdit *lineEdit;

    void loadziku(); // 加载中文字库
};

#endif // KEYBOARD_H

2）cpp文件：keyboard.cpp

#include "keyboard.h"
#include "ui_keyboard.h"

#include <QDebug>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QFile>

KeyBoard::KeyBoard(QWidget *parent, QLineEdit *LineEdit) :
    QDialog(parent),
    ui(new Ui::KeyBoard)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    this->setWindowTitle( tr("键盘") );
//    this->setWindowOpacity(0.8);
//    this->setStyleSheet("");

    isCap = false;
    outputStr = "";
    lineEdit = LineEdit;
    pageAll = 0;
    curPage = 0;

    ui->nextBt->setEnabled(false);
    ui->prevBt->setEnabled(false);

    QButtonGroup *numGroup = new QButtonGroup();
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_0_Bt, 0);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_1_Bt, 1);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_2_Bt, 2);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_3_Bt, 3);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_4_Bt, 4);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_5_Bt, 5);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_6_Bt, 6);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_7_Bt, 7);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_8_Bt, 8);
    numGroup->addButton(ui->num_9_Bt, 9);
    connect( numGroup, SIGNAL(buttonClicked(QAbstractButton*)),
            this, SLOT(slot_numClicked(QAbstractButton*)) );

    QButtonGroup *carGroup = new QButtonGroup();
    carGroup->addButton(ui->q_Bt, 1);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->w_Bt, 2);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->e_Bt, 3);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->r_Bt, 4);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->t_Bt, 5);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->y_Bt, 6);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->u_Bt, 7);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->i_Bt, 8);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->o_Bt, 9);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->p_Bt, 10);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->a_Bt, 11);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->s_Bt, 12);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->d_Bt, 13);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->f_Bt, 14);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->g_Bt, 15);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->h_Bt, 16);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->j_Bt, 17);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->k_Bt, 18);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->l_Bt, 19);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->z_Bt, 20);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->x_Bt, 21);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->c_Bt, 22);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->v_Bt, 23);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->b_Bt, 24);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->n_Bt, 25);
    carGroup->addButton(ui->m_Bt, 26);
    connect( carGroup, SIGNAL(buttonClicked(QAbstractButton*)),
            this, SLOT(slot_carClicked(QAbstractButton*)) );
    carList = carGroup->buttons();

    QButtonGroup *hanziGroup = new QButtonGroup();
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_1_Bt, 1);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_2_Bt, 2);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_3_Bt, 3);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_4_Bt, 4);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_5_Bt, 5);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_6_Bt, 6);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_7_Bt, 7);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_8_Bt, 8);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_9_Bt, 9);
    hanziGroup->addButton(ui->zh_10_Bt, 10);
    connect( hanziGroup, SIGNAL(buttonClicked(QAbstractButton*)),
             this, SLOT(slot_hanziBtClicked(QAbstractButton*)));
    zhList = hanziGroup->buttons();


    // 加载字库
    loadziku();

}

KeyBoard::~KeyBoard()
{
    delete ui;
}

/* 加载字库 */
void KeyBoard::loadziku()
{
    // 加载字库文件
    QFile zikuFile(":/ziku1/ziku.dat");
    if ( !zikuFile.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text) )
    {
        QMessageBox::information(this, "键盘字库",
                                 "加载字库文件错误，中文输入不可用！", QMessageBox::Ok);
        ui->zh_us_Bt->setEnabled(false);
        return;
    }

    QString zikuAll;

    while (true)
    {
        char buf[1024];
        qint64 len = zikuFile.readLine(buf, sizeof(buf));
        if (len <= 0)
        {
            break;
        }
        QString str = QString::fromLocal8Bit(buf);
        zikuAll += str;
    }

    zikuList = zikuAll.split("\n");      //用QString的split函数将字库文件划分成一段一段，每个拼音对应一段字库
    zikuFile.close();
}

/* 查找中文 */
QString KeyBoard::findChinese(QString PinYin)
{
    QStringList lst;
    QString Line;
    QString returnChinese;

    for(int i = 0; i < zikuList.count(); i++)//m_srf.count()QStringList有多少段
    {
        Line = zikuList.at(i);
        if (Line.isEmpty() || PinYin.isEmpty()) continue;

        lst = Line.split(",");
        if (QString::compare(lst.at(0), PinYin, Qt::CaseInsensitive) == 0)
        {
            returnChinese =  lst.at(1);
        }
    }

    // 字符串分割成10个10个一组
    pageList.clear();
    int len = returnChinese.length();
    if (len > 0)
    {
        pageAll = len % 10 == 0 ? len/10 : (len/10) + 1;
        QString str;
        for (int i = 1; i <= len; i++)
        {
            str += returnChinese.at(i-1);
            if (i % 10 == 0 && i != 0)
            {
                pageList << str;
                str = "";
            }
        }

        if (len % 10 != 0)
        {
            pageList << returnChinese.right(len % 10);
        }
    }//if

    return returnChinese;
}

/* 汉字按钮的设置 */
void KeyBoard::setHanziBt()
{

    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        zhList.at(i)->setText("");
    }

    QString PinYin = ui->showLb->text();
    QString ChineseStr = findChinese(PinYin);

    ui->nextBt->setEnabled(false);
    ui->prevBt->setEnabled(false);

    if (ChineseStr != "")
    {
        int ChineseStrCount = ChineseStr.length();
        // 10字以内汉字个数
        if (ChineseStrCount <= 10)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < ChineseStrCount; i++)
            {
                ((QPushButton *)zhList.at(i))->setText(ChineseStr.at(i));
            }
            return;
        }

        // 大于十字
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            ((QPushButton *)zhList.at(i))->setText(ChineseStr.at(i));
        }

        ui->nextBt->setEnabled(true);
        ui->prevBt->setEnabled(true);

    }//if
}

/* 大小写转换 */
void KeyBoard::on_caps_Bt_clicked()
{
    if (isCap == false) // 小写状态
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < carList.size(); i++)
        {
            QString upper = carList.at(i)->text().toUpper();
            carList.at(i)->setText(upper);
        }
        isCap = true;
        return;
    }
    else // 大写状态
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < carList.size(); i++)
        {
            QString lower = carList.at(i)->text().toLower();
            carList.at(i)->setText(lower);
        }
        isCap = false;
        return;
    }
}


/* 数字键盘点击 */
void KeyBoard::slot_numClicked(QAbstractButton *bt)
{
    QPushButton *tmpBt = (QPushButton *)bt;
    QString str = lineEdit->text();
    str.append(tmpBt->text());
    lineEdit->setText(str);
}

/* 字母键点击 */
void KeyBoard::slot_carClicked(QAbstractButton *bt)
{
    QPushButton *tmp = (QPushButton *)bt;
    QString str_1 = ui->showLb->text();
    str_1.append(tmp->text());
    ui->showLb->setText(str_1);

    if (ui->langLb->text() == "英文")
    {
        QString str_2 = lineEdit->text();
        str_2.append(tmp->text());
        lineEdit->setText(str_2);
    }
    else
    {
        setHanziBt();
    }
}

/* 十个中文按钮点击 */
void KeyBoard::slot_hanziBtClicked(QAbstractButton *bt)
{
    QPushButton *tmp = (QPushButton *)bt;
    QString str = lineEdit->text();
    str.append(tmp->text());
    lineEdit->setText(str);
    ui->showLb->setText("");
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        zhList.at(i)->setText("");
    }

    ui->nextBt->setEnabled(false);
    ui->prevBt->setEnabled(false);
}

/* 中英切换按钮 */
void KeyBoard::on_zh_us_Bt_clicked()
{
    if (ui->langLb->text() == "英文")
    {
        ui->langLb->setText("中文");
        ui->showLb->setText("");
    }
    else
    {
        ui->langLb->setText("英文");
        ui->showLb->setText("");
    }
}

/* 退格键 */
void KeyBoard::on_delBt_clicked()
{
    QString tmp = ui->showLb->text();
    ui->showLb->setText(tmp.left(tmp.length() - 1));

    if (ui->langLb->text() == "英文")
    {
        QString str = lineEdit->text();
        lineEdit->setText(str.left(str.length() - 1));
    }
    else
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            zhList.at(i)->setText("");
        }
        setHanziBt();
        if (ui->showLb->text() == "") // 中文模式下，showLb中删除完毕才去删除LineEdit里的文字
        {
            QString str = lineEdit->text();
            lineEdit->setText(str.left(str.length() - 1));
        }
    }
}

/* 翻页按键 */
void KeyBoard::on_nextBt_clicked()
{
    curPage++;

    if (curPage > pageAll)
    {
        curPage = 1;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        zhList.at(i)->setText("");
    }

    QString str = pageList.at(curPage-1);
    qDebug() << str;
    for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
    {
        zhList.at(i)->setText(str.at(i));
    }
}

void KeyBoard::on_prevBt_clicked()
{
    curPage--;
    if (curPage == 0)
    {
        curPage = pageAll;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        zhList.at(i)->setText("");
    }

    QString str = pageList.at(curPage-1);
    for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
    {
        zhList.at(i)->setText(str.at(i));
    }
}

void KeyBoard::on_closeBt_clicked()
{
    this->close();
}

演示代码下载：http://download.csdn.net/download/wu9797/10197538