【打表】Round Numbers

问题 3:Round Numbers（rndnum.pas）

 

正如你所知，奶牛们没有手指以至于不能玩“石头剪刀布”来任意地决定例如谁先挤奶的顺序。她们甚至也不能通过扔硬币的方式。

所以她们通过"round number"竞赛的方式。第一头牛选取一个整数，小于20亿。第二头牛也这样选取一个整数。如果这两个数都是 "roundnumbers"，那么第一头牛获胜，否则第二头牛获胜。如果一个正整数N的二进制表示中，0的个数大于或等于1的个数，那么N就被称为"round number" 。例如，整数9，二进制表示是1001，1001 有两个'0'和两个'1'; 因此，9是一个roundnumber。26 的二进制表示是 11010 ; 由于它有2个'0'和3个'1'，所以它不是round number。

很明显，奶牛们会花费很大精力去转换进制，从而确定谁是胜者。 Bessie 想要作弊，而且认为只要她能够知道在一个指定区间范围内的"round numbers"个数。

帮助她写一个程序，能够告诉她在一个闭区间中有多少round numbers。区间是[start, finish]，包含这两个数。 (1 <= Start <Finish <= 2,000,000,000)

 

输入格式:

Line 1: 两个用空格分开的整数，分别表示Start 和 Finish。

 

输入样例 (文件名rndnum.in):

2 12

 

输出格式:

Line 1:  Start..Finish范围内round numbers的个数

 

输出样例(文件名 rndnum.out):

6

 

输出解释:

 

 2   10  1x0 + 1x1  ROUND

 3   11  0x0 + 2x1  NOT round

 4  100  2x0 + 1x1  ROUND

 5  101  1x0 + 2x1  NOT round

 6  110  1x0 + 2x1  NOT round

 7  111  0x0 + 3x1  NOT round

 8 1000  3x0 + 1x1  ROUND

 9 1001  2x0 + 2x1  ROUND

10  1010 2x0 + 2x1  ROUND

11  1011 1x0 + 3x1  NOT round

12  1100 2x0 + 2x1  ROUND

 

部分打表，不说了。

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;

long f[] = {0,226671,483212,737725,912008,1220551,1496047,1749378,1936710,2208053,2497049,2743397,2953836,3157573,3372377,3533445,3666046,3822350,4224609,4558029,4888435,5131434,5470687,5729104,5985204,6157619,6473508,6741419,6997710,7184512,7407121,7600515,7759888,7878985,8114246,8502313,8841202,9154535,9418915,9742350,9988999,10225651,10387703,10718919,10975302,11232599,11401951,11649467,11825190,11988312,12093372,12360457,12647109,12895092,13090291,13302778,13513784,13676013,13806423,13946699,14173972,14335036,14478373,14575034,14726176,14808964,14902859,14946704,15366960,15792716,16201541,16568569,16950748,17320882,17658367,17948041,18268984,18655708,18993614,19304776,19575038,19889061,20140363,20372618,20548986,20954246,21286246,21629379,21888932,22223809,22491383,22743425,22921271,23217773,23499961,23749996,23944182,24150382,24358905,24523611,24649517,24844562,25239333,25575788,25899457,26153139,26483106,26726212,26967731,27136639,27475420,27738160,27991458,28168391,28403584,28590392,28751667,28863469,29097194,29391262,29645428,29857766,30054847,30273534,30430558,30571623,30692950,30926915,31084403,31236620,31322215,31490033,31584664,31677365,31722784,32094335,32527953,32938298,33310112,33680631,34055961,34396663,34701584,35001221,35395499,35730307,36047985,36309807,36635786,36881147,37121164,37273072,37692107,38040900,38382504,38649432,38971194,39245514,39498926,39686790,39958625,40247627,40492390,40703186,40907482,41121804,41282752,41415809,41573188,41975390,42308110,42639015,42882438,43219905,43478493,43734948,43906876,44223844,44492036,44747692,44934441,45156905,45350847,45510155,45627800,45840354,46146335,46397270,46616525,46797246,47028856,47188149,47334412,47430638,47671874,47835026,48002942,48096930,48259763,48357468,48448125,48497734,48799637,49172421,49508491,49797582,50092717,50397838,50647285,50865457,51071367,51391483,51639722,51872548,52038237,52278629,52431729,52600543,52694622,53020857,53287273,53538205,53720987,53952633,54139486,54303343,54415411,54594406,54804200,54968337,55096784,55216155,55348037,55439122,55513038,55592659,55922617,56165030,56415984,56584461,56836115,57009738,57174501,57272938,57496304,57683649,57845934,57956895,58089661,58210498,58302816,58365000,58498196,58717626,58876476,59018091,59121009,59268870,59354387,59434896,59477906,59644792,59739331,59832161,59878002,59964450,60014029,60056665,60076643,60356503,60832929,61292355,61739336,62157785,62607725,63014730,63415911,63759376,64214443,64621615,65027775,65366317,65781109,66131483,66473788,66741671,67140388,67574495,67984879,68356227,68727353,69102878,69442860,69747432,70048316,70442235,70777285,71093426,71356714,71682210,71927618,72167098,72320180,72784249,73203960,73616038,73972480,74364372,74726814,75067396,75349646,75688080,76062801,76395436,76700591,76986376,77294730,77543388,77764296,77972001,78374089,78707107,79037922,79281610,79616994,79876058,80132387,80303811,80621812,80890614,81145062,81331785,81554249,81748724,81907967,82024534,82276494,82723402,83133241,83527480,83872636,84274697,84609414,84937177,85185284,85591583,85934320,86280095,86540180,86872870,87140810,87390835,87576880,87902849,88275274,88611237,88900647,89194906,89499996,89748790,89967525,90174431,90493471,90741709,90975179,91140854,91381110,91532545,91701463,91795449,92183365,92538756,92877836,93153714,93467319,93748313,93999860,94194786,94444353,94748270,94999986,95215060,95405882,95625823,95788119,95931200,96047470,96377786,96620172,96869154,97037422,97290160,97462900,97628044,97725833,97950183,98136940,98299146,98409864,98543891,98663526,98755904,98818321,99002551,99452764,99861258,100262374,100601883,101006822,101339583,101670764,101927767,102336625,102687164,103029697,103298467,103616490,103896024,104146672,104339030,104632412,105008548,105352101,105657336,105936318,106247857,106494260,106721667,106910321,107235112,107481791,107722186,107877826,108136055,108305861,108471855,108569162,108916931,109284495,109624072,109906642,110205797,110495619,110745479,110955508,111188441,111499976,111747692,111967859,112150656,112383147,112540704,112690189,112775562,113119063,113378644,113632180,113807425,114048160,114226550,114392411,114499096,114702040,114896543,115053406,115176571,115308109,115434116,115525006,115591397,115722990,116124761,116458302,116788495,117032797,117365986,117625403,117881775,118052825,118371701,118640976,118894208,119080868,119303270,119498192,119657664,119773328,119988254,120294996,120545046,120763905,120945045,121176200,121336136,121480775,121579976,121821271,121980720,122148660,122243240,122406112,122503832,122593572,122643346,122908349,123192968,123441282,123637597,123847200,124058196,124219125,124350577,124493965,124717984,124879234,125023916,125120763,125271719,125352629,125445070,125488847,125735864,125910474,126074460,126175283,126327601,126434106,126525027,126578569,126693526,126818609,126910251,126973480,127039825,127106914,127148003,127179226,127251621,127734914,128191237,128651662,129069646,129523981,129948078,130359704,130716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

long long calc(long a)
{
	long block = a / 500000;
	long start = block * 500000;
	long long ans = f[block];
	long end = start + a % 500000;
	for (long i=start+1;i<end+1;i++)
	{
		long tmp = i;
		long cnt1 = 0;
		long cnt2 = 0;
		while (tmp)
		{
			if (tmp & 1)
				cnt2 ++;
			else
				cnt1 ++;
			tmp >>= 1;
		}
		if (cnt1 >= cnt2)
			ans ++;
	}
	return ans;
}

int main()
{
	freopen("rndnum.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("rndnum.out","w",stdout);

	long l,r;
	scanf("%ld%ld",&l,&r);

	l --;

	cout << calc(r)-calc(l);

	return 0;
}