嵌入式Linux 使用MMAP映射GPIO

嵌入式Linux 使用MMAP映射GPIO

#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <errno.h>



#define MAP_SIZE 4096UL
#define MAP_MASK (MAP_SIZE - 1)

#define GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR      0x01c20800

#define PD_CFG_REG_1_OFFSET     ((GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & MAP_MASK) + 0x0070)
#define PD_CFG_REG_2_OFFSET     ((GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & MAP_MASK) + 0x0074)
#define PD_DATA_REG_OFFSET      ((GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & MAP_MASK) + 0x007C)
#define PD_DRV0_REG_OFFSET      ((GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & MAP_MASK) + 0x0080)
#define PD_DRV1_REG_OFFSET      ((GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & MAP_MASK) + 0x0084)
#define PD_PULL0_REG_OFFSET     ((GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & MAP_MASK) + 0x0088)
#define PD_PULL1_REG_OFFSET     ((GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & MAP_MASK) + 0x008C)

#define GPIO_PD_09              9
#define GPIO_PD_18              18
#define GPIO_PD_19              19


int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
    void * gpio;
    unsigned int reg;
    unsigned int * pd_cfg1_reg;
    unsigned int * pd_cfg2_reg;
    unsigned int * pd_data_reg;
    unsigned int * pd_drv0_reg;
    unsigned int * pd_drv1_reg;
    unsigned int * pd_pull0_reg;
    unsigned int * pd_pull1_reg;

    int mem_fd = -1;

    long sz = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);    
    /*sz=4096,所以一页的大小为4096, MAP_SIZE必须为4096的整数倍, 否则mmap会返回22提示参数错误*/
    printf("#######_SC_PAGESIZE = %ld\n",sz);
 
    mem_fd = open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR | O_SYNC);
    if (mem_fd < 0) {
        printf("Unable to open /dev/mem\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    gpio = mmap(NULL, MAP_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, mem_fd, GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & ~MAP_MASK);
    if (gpio  == MAP_FAILED) {
        printf("Mmap failed errno = %d\n", errno);
        close(mem_fd);
        return -1;
    }

    pd_cfg1_reg = gpio + PD_CFG_REG_1_OFFSET;
    pd_cfg2_reg = gpio + PD_CFG_REG_2_OFFSET;
    pd_data_reg = gpio + PD_DATA_REG_OFFSET;
    pd_drv0_reg = gpio + PD_DRV0_REG_OFFSET;
    pd_drv1_reg = gpio + PD_DRV1_REG_OFFSET;
    pd_pull0_reg = gpio + PD_PULL0_REG_OFFSET;
    pd_pull1_reg = gpio + PD_PULL1_REG_OFFSET;

    printf("CFG REG1:\n");
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_cfg1_reg);
    //PD9 set output mode
    *pd_cfg1_reg &= 0x00;
    *pd_cfg1_reg |= 0x10;
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_cfg1_reg);

    printf("CFG REG2:\n");
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_cfg2_reg);
    //PD18 and PD19 set output mode
    *pd_cfg2_reg &= 0x00;
    *pd_cfg2_reg |= 0x1100;
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_cfg2_reg);

    printf("DATA REG:\n");
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_data_reg);
    //set output high level
    *pd_data_reg  &= 0x00;
    *pd_data_reg  |= (0x01 << GPIO_PD_09);
    *pd_data_reg  |= (0x3 << GPIO_PD_18);
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_data_reg);

    printf("DRV0 REG:\n");
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_drv0_reg);
    *pd_drv0_reg &= 0x00;
    *pd_drv0_reg |= 0x10000;
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_drv0_reg);

    printf("DRV1 REG:\n");
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_drv1_reg);
    *pd_drv1_reg &= 0x00;
    *pd_drv1_reg |= 0x50;
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_drv1_reg);

    printf("PULL0 REG:\n");
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_pull0_reg);
    *pd_pull0_reg &= 0x00;
    *pd_pull0_reg |= 0x10000;
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_pull0_reg);

    printf("PULL1 REG:\n");
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_pull1_reg);
    *pd_pull1_reg &= 0x00;
    *pd_pull1_reg |= 0x50;
    printf("##################### %08x ####################\n", *pd_pull1_reg);


    close(mem_fd);
    munmap(gpio, MAP_SIZE);

    return 0;
}

注意的问题：

1. mmap 映射SIZE必须为页大小的整数倍，这里取值4096刚好等于页大小。
2. mmap返回值为void *类型，通过类似以下代码
   pd_cfg1_reg = gpio + PD_CFG_REG_1_OFFSET;
   进行了类型转换为unsigned int *类型。
3. mmap函数的最后一个参数是
   GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & ~MAP_MASK
   所以寄存器地址得这样算
   #define PD_CFG_REG_1_OFFSET ((GPIO_LED_BASE_ADDR & MAP_MASK) + 0x0070)