Minimal Ratio Tree
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 2367 Accepted Submission(s): 707
Problem Description
For a tree, which nodes and edges are all weighted, the ratio of it is calculated according to the following equation.
Given a complete graph of n nodes with all nodes and edges weighted, your task is to find a tree, which is a sub-graph of the original graph, with m nodes and whose ratio is the smallest among all the trees of m nodes in the graph.
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/2441ec4ba80861555b4cbcb65e2a0b61.jpeg)
Given a complete graph of n nodes with all nodes and edges weighted, your task is to find a tree, which is a sub-graph of the original graph, with m nodes and whose ratio is the smallest among all the trees of m nodes in the graph.
Input
Input contains multiple test cases. The first line of each test case contains two integers n (2<=n<=15) and m (2<=m<=n), which stands for the number of nodes in the graph and the number of nodes in the minimal ratio tree. Two zeros end the input. The next line contains n numbers which stand for the weight of each node. The following n lines contain a diagonally symmetrical n×n connectivity matrix with each element shows the weight of the edge connecting one node with another. Of course, the diagonal will be all 0, since there is no edge connecting a node with itself.
All the weights of both nodes and edges (except for the ones on the diagonal of the matrix) are integers and in the range of [1, 100].
The figure below illustrates the first test case in sample input. Node 1 and Node 3 form the minimal ratio tree.
All the weights of both nodes and edges (except for the ones on the diagonal of the matrix) are integers and in the range of [1, 100].
The figure below illustrates the first test case in sample input. Node 1 and Node 3 form the minimal ratio tree.
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/afed5416ad0a296b88ea8277ebc803fd.jpeg)
Output
For each test case output one line contains a sequence of the m nodes which constructs the minimal ratio tree. Nodes should be arranged in ascending order. If there are several such sequences, pick the one which has the smallest node number; if there's a tie, look at the second smallest node number, etc. Please note that the nodes are numbered from 1 .
Sample Input
3 2 30 20 10 0 6 2 6 0 3 2 3 0 2 2 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 0
Sample Output
1 3 1 2
Source
Recommend
gaojie
题目大意:
给你一张图n个点,每个点有权值,问你从中选出m个点,使得
最小,输出方案。
解题思路:
用二进制取与不取来枚举选出m个点的方案,分母就确定了,分子越小越好,所以通过最小生成树算出。
参考代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 20;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int graph[MAXN][MAXN], weight[MAXN], dis[MAXN], pre[MAXN], n, m, ans;
long long ansEdge, ansNode;
bool valid[MAXN], v[MAXN];
int prim() {
memset(v, false, sizeof(v));
int u;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
if (valid[i]) {
u = i;
break;
}
}
v[u] = true;
int edgeSum = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
if (valid[i]) {
dis[i] = graph[u][i];
pre[i] = u;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) {
u = -1;
for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
if (valid[j] && !v[j]) {
if (u == -1 || dis[u] > dis[j])
u = j;
}
}
edgeSum += graph[pre[u]][u];
v[u] = true;
for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
if (valid[j] && !v[j]) {
if (dis[j] > graph[u][j]) {
dis[j] = graph[u][j];
pre[j] = u;
}
}
}
}
return edgeSum;
}
void init() {
ansEdge = INF;
ansNode = 0;
}
void input() {
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
cin >> weight[i];
}
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
cin >> graph[i][j];
if (graph[i][j] == 0) {
graph[i][j] = INF;
}
}
}
}
void work() {
for (int i = (1 << m) - 1; i < (1 << n); i++) {
int cnt = 0;
long long edge_cur = 0, node_cur = 0;
memset(valid, false, sizeof(valid));
for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
if (i & (1 << (j-1))) {
cnt++;
valid[j] = true;
node_cur += weight[j];
}
}
if (cnt == m) {
edge_cur = prim();
if (edge_cur * ansNode < ansEdge * node_cur) {
ansEdge = edge_cur;
ansNode = node_cur;
ans = i;
}
}
}
}
void output() {
int cnt = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
if (ans & (1 << (i-1))) {
if (cnt++) cout << " ";
cout << i;
}
}
cout << endl;
}
int main() {
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
while (cin >> n >> m && (n || m)) {
init();
input();
work();
output();
}
return 0;
}