SpringMVC Ajax传输尝试搭建

创建SpringMVC项目

首先使用IDEA新建一个空的Maven项目，注意Maven配置文件的位置和Maven仓库的位置。

在建好的Maven项目中添加Web框架，勾选即可。

配置pom.xml文件

需要配置依赖包并且需要告诉Maven需要打包那些文件

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--自动插入编辑器和构建工具中-->
         <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.6</version>
        </dependency>
         <!--导入解析json文件-->
        <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

 <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

配置完成后用Tomcat测试是否报错。

配置SpringMVC.xml和Web.xml文件

在resources文件夹下配置Spring.MVC.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 自动扫描包，让指定包下的注解生效,由IOC容器统一管理 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wukai.controller"/>
    <!-- 让Spring MVC不处理静态资源 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <!--
    支持mvc注解驱动
        在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系
        要想使@RequestMapping注解生效
        必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
        和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例
        这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。
        而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入。
     -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

</beans>

在WEB-INF文件夹下配置Web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
             version="4.0">

        <!--1.注册servlet-->
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <!--通过初始化参数指定SpringMVC配置文件的位置，进行关联-->
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <!-- 启动顺序，数字越小，启动越早 -->
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>

        <!--所有请求都会被springmvc拦截 -->
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>

        <filter>
            <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
            <init-param>
               <param-name>encoding</param-name>
               <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
             <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
 

编写实体类

在pojo层下面新建实体类User

package com.wukai.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String sex;

}

编写控制层

在control层下新建AjaxControl

@Controller
public class AjaxControl {
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/a1")
    public List<User> ajax2(){
        List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
        list.add(new User("转笔小王子",3,"男"));
        list.add(new User("人品小王子",3,"男"));
        list.add(new User("编程小王子",3,"男"));
        return list; 
    }
}

编写前端页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" id="btn" value="获取数据"/>
<table width="80%" align="center">
   <tr>
       <td>姓名</td>
       <td>年龄</td>
       <td>性别</td>
   </tr>
   <tbody id="content">
   </tbody>
</table>

<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
<script>

   $(function () {
       $("#btn").click(function () {
           $.post("${pageContext.request.contextPath}/a1",function (data) {
               console.log(data)
               var html="";
               for (var i = 0; i <data.length ; i++) {
                   html+= "<tr>" +
                       "<td>" + data[i].name + "</td>" +
                       "<td>" + data[i].age + "</td>" +
                       "<td>" + data[i].sex + "</td>" +
                       "</tr>"
              }
               $("#content").html(html);
          });
      })
  })
</script>
</body>
</html>

遇到问题

idea在使用tomcat生成war的时候不会把依赖的jar打进去 需要手动添加jar包依赖

最后结果

参考狂神说Java