HOW TO：在 Visual C# .NET 中使 Microsoft Word 自动运行以执行邮件合并 (From MSDN)

有关本文的 Microsoft Visual Basic .NET 版本，请参阅 301656。 有关本文的 Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 和 Microsoft Visual Basic 5.0 版本，请参阅 220607。

概要

本文阐述如何使用 Microsoft Visual C# .NET 来使 Word 自动运行以创建合并邮件的文档。

更多信息

通过自动化过程，使用诸如 Visual C# .NET 这样的语言编写的应用程序就可以用编程方式来控制其他应用程序。利用 Microsoft Word 的自动化功能，您可以执行诸如新建文档、向文档添加文本以及对文档进行格式设置等操作。对于 Word 和其他 Microsoft Office 应用程序，几乎所有可以通过用户界面手动执行的操作也都可以通过使用“自动化”功能以编程方式来执行。

Word 通过一种对象模型来公开这一程序功能。该对象模型是一些类和方法的集合，这些类和方法充当 Word 的逻辑组件。例如，有 Application 对象、 Document 对象和 Paragraph 对象，其中每一种对象都包含 Word 中那些组件的功能。要从 Visual C# .NET 访问该对象模型，可以设置对类型库的项目引用。

本文将阐述如何为 Visual C# .NET 设置对 Word 类型库的适当项目引用，并提供使 Word 自动运行的代码示例。

生成自动化示例

1. 启动 Microsoft Visual Studio .NET。
2. 在文件菜单上，单击新建，然后单击项目。从 Visual C# 项目类型中选择 Windows 应用程序。默认情况下会创建 Form1。
3. 添加对 Microsoft Word 对象库的引用。为此，请按照下列步骤操作：
   1. 在项目菜单上，单击添加引用。
   2. 在 COM 选项卡上，找到 Microsoft Word 对象库，然后单击选择。
      
      注意：Microsoft Office 2003 包含主 Interop 程序集 (PIA)。Microsoft Office XP 不包含 PIA，但您可以下载 PIA。 有关 Office XP PIA 的其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：

      328912 INFO：Microsoft Office XP PIA 可供下载

   3. 在添加引用对话框中单击确定以接受您的选择。
4. 在视图菜单上，选择工具箱以显示工具箱，然后向 Form1 添加一个按钮。
5. 双击 Button1。出现该窗体的代码窗口。
6. 在代码窗口中，将以下代码

     private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
     {
     }
   					

   替换为：

   Word.Application wrdApp;
   Word._Document wrdDoc;
   Object oMissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
   Object oFalse = false;
   
   private void InsertLines(int LineNum)
   {
   	int iCount;
   
   	// Insert "LineNum" blank lines.	
   	for(iCount = 1; iCount<=LineNum; iCount++) 
   	{
   		wrdApp.Selection.TypeParagraph();
   	}
   }
   
   private void FillRow(Word._Document oDoc, int Row, string Text1,
   	string Text2, string Text3, string Text4)
   {
   	// Insert the data into the specific cell.
   	oDoc.Tables[1].Cell(Row,1).Range.InsertAfter(Text1);
   	oDoc.Tables[1].Cell(Row,2).Range.InsertAfter(Text2);
   	oDoc.Tables[1].Cell(Row,3).Range.InsertAfter(Text3);
   	oDoc.Tables[1].Cell(Row,4).Range.InsertAfter(Text4);
   }
   
   private void CreateMailMergeDataFile()
   {
   	Word._Document oDataDoc;
   	int iCount;
   
   	Object oName = "C://DataDoc.doc";
   	Object oHeader = "FirstName, LastName, Address, CityStateZip";
   	wrdDoc.MailMerge.CreateDataSource(ref oName,ref oMissing, 
   		ref oMissing,ref oHeader, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, 
   		ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
   
   	// Open the file to insert data.
   	oDataDoc = wrdApp.Documents.Open(ref oName,ref oMissing,
   			ref oMissing, ref oMissing,ref oMissing,ref oMissing,
   			ref oMissing,ref oMissing,ref oMissing,ref oMissing,
   			ref oMissing,ref oMissing,ref oMissing,ref oMissing,
   			ref oMissing/*, ref oMissing */);
   
   	for (iCount=1; iCount<=2; iCount++)
   	{
   		oDataDoc.Tables[1].Rows.Add(ref oMissing);
   	}
   	// Fill in the data.
   	FillRow(oDataDoc, 2, "Steve", "DeBroux", 
   		"4567 Main Street", "Buffalo, NY  98052");
   	FillRow(oDataDoc, 3, "Jan", "Miksovsky", 
   		"1234 5th Street", "Charlotte, NC  98765");
   	FillRow(oDataDoc, 4, "Brian", "Valentine", 
   		"12348 78th Street  Apt. 214", 
   		"Lubbock, TX  25874");
   	// Save and close the file.
   	oDataDoc.Save();
   	oDataDoc.Close(ref oFalse, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
   }
   
   private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
   {
   	Word.Selection wrdSelection;
   	Word.MailMerge wrdMailMerge;
   	Word.MailMergeFields wrdMergeFields;
   	Word.Table wrdTable;
   	string StrToAdd;
   
   	// Create an instance of Word  and make it visible.
   	wrdApp = new Word.Application();
   	wrdApp.Visible = true;
   
   	// Add a new document.
   	wrdDoc = wrdApp.Documents.Add(ref oMissing,ref oMissing,
   		ref oMissing,ref oMissing);
   	wrdDoc.Select();
   
   	wrdSelection = wrdApp.Selection;
   	wrdMailMerge = wrdDoc.MailMerge;
   
   	// Create a MailMerge Data file.
   	CreateMailMergeDataFile();
   
   	// Create a string and insert it into the document.
   	StrToAdd = "State University/r/nElectrical Engineering Department";
   	wrdSelection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment  = 
   		Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
   	wrdSelection.TypeText(StrToAdd);
   
   	InsertLines(4);
   
   	// Insert merge data.
   	wrdSelection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = 
   		Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphLeft;
   	wrdMergeFields = wrdMailMerge.Fields;
   	wrdMergeFields.Add(wrdSelection.Range, "FirstName");
   	wrdSelection.TypeText(" ");
   	wrdMergeFields.Add(wrdSelection.Range, "LastName");
   	wrdSelection.TypeParagraph();
   
   	wrdMergeFields.Add(wrdSelection.Range, "Address");
   	wrdSelection.TypeParagraph();
   	wrdMergeFields.Add(wrdSelection.Range, "CityStateZip");
   
   	InsertLines(2);
   
   	// Right justify the line and insert a date field
   	// with the current date.
   	wrdSelection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = 
   		Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphRight;
   
   	Object objDate = "dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy";
   	wrdSelection.InsertDateTime(ref objDate,ref oFalse,ref oMissing, 
   		ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
       
   	InsertLines(2);
   
   	// Justify the rest of the document.
   	wrdSelection.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = 
   		Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphJustify;    
   
   	wrdSelection.TypeText("Dear ");
   	wrdMergeFields.Add(wrdSelection.Range, "FirstName");
   	wrdSelection.TypeText(",");
   	InsertLines(2);
   
   	// Create a string and insert it into the document.
   	StrToAdd = "Thank you for your recent request for next " +
   		"semester's class schedule for the Electrical " +
   		"Engineering Department. Enclosed with this " +
   		"letter is a booklet containing all the classes " +
   		"offered next semester at State University.  " +
   		"Several new classes will be offered in the " +
   		"Electrical Engineering Department next semester.  " +
   		"These classes are listed below.";
   	wrdSelection.TypeText(StrToAdd);
   
   	InsertLines(2);
   
   	// Insert a new table with 9 rows and 4 columns.
   	wrdTable = wrdDoc.Tables.Add(wrdSelection.Range,9,4, 
   		ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
   	// Set the column widths.
   	wrdTable.Columns[1].SetWidth(51, Word.WdRulerStyle.wdAdjustNone);
   	wrdTable.Columns[2].SetWidth(170, Word.WdRulerStyle.wdAdjustNone);
   	wrdTable.Columns[3].SetWidth(100, Word.WdRulerStyle.wdAdjustNone);
   	wrdTable.Columns[4].SetWidth(111, Word.WdRulerStyle.wdAdjustNone);
   	// Set the shading on the first row to light gray.
   	wrdTable.Rows[1].Cells.Shading.BackgroundPatternColorIndex = 
   		Word.WdColorIndex.wdGray25;
   	// Bold the first row.
   	wrdTable.Rows[1].Range.Bold = 1;
   	// Center the text in Cell (1,1).
   	wrdTable.Cell(1, 1).Range.Paragraphs.Alignment = 
   		Word.WdParagraphAlignment.wdAlignParagraphCenter;
   
   	// Fill each row of the table with data.
   	FillRow(wrdDoc, 1, "Class Number", "Class Name", 
   		"Class Time", "Instructor");
   	FillRow(wrdDoc, 2, "EE220", "Introduction to Electronics II", 
   		"1:00-2:00 M,W,F", "Dr. Jensen");
   	FillRow(wrdDoc, 3, "EE230", "Electromagnetic Field Theory I", 
   		"10:00-11:30 T,T", "Dr. Crump");
   	FillRow( wrdDoc, 4, "EE300", "Feedback Control Systems", 
   		"9:00-10:00 M,W,F", "Dr. Murdy");
   	FillRow(wrdDoc, 5, "EE325", "Advanced Digital Design", 
   		"9:00-10:30 T,T", "Dr. Alley");
   	FillRow(wrdDoc, 6, "EE350", "Advanced Communication Systems", 
   		"9:00-10:30 T,T", "Dr. Taylor");
   	FillRow(wrdDoc, 7, "EE400", "Advanced Microwave Theory", 
   		"1:00-2:30 T,T", "Dr. Lee");
   	FillRow(wrdDoc, 8, "EE450", "Plasma Theory",
   		"1:00-2:00 M,W,F", "Dr. Davis");
   	FillRow(wrdDoc, 9, "EE500", "Principles of VLSI Design", 
   		"3:00-4:00 M,W,F", "Dr. Ellison");
   
   	// Go to the end of the document.
   	Object oConst1 = Word.WdGoToItem.wdGoToLine;
   	Object oConst2 = Word.WdGoToDirection.wdGoToLast;
   	wrdApp.Selection.GoTo(ref oConst1,ref oConst2,ref oMissing,ref oMissing);
   	InsertLines(2);
   
   	// Create a string and insert it into the document.
   	StrToAdd = "For additional information regarding the " +
   		"Department of Electrical Engineering, " +
   		"you can visit our Web site at ";
   	wrdSelection.TypeText(StrToAdd);
   	// Insert a hyperlink to the Web page.
   	Object oAddress = "http://www.ee.stateu.tld";
   	Object oRange = wrdSelection.Range;
   	wrdSelection.Hyperlinks.Add(oRange, ref oAddress,ref oMissing,
   		ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
   	// Create a string and insert it into the document
   	StrToAdd = ".  Thank you for your interest in the classes " +
   		"offered in the Department of Electrical " +
   		"Engineering.  If you have any other questions, " +
   		"please feel free to give us a call at " +
   		"555-1212./r/n/r/n"  +
   		"Sincerely,/r/n/r/n" +
   		"Kathryn M. Hinsch/r/n" +
   		"Department of Electrical Engineering /r/n";
   	wrdSelection.TypeText(StrToAdd);
   
   	// Perform mail merge.
   	wrdMailMerge.Destination = Word.WdMailMergeDestination.wdSendToNewDocument;
   	wrdMailMerge.Execute(ref oFalse);
   
   	// Close the original form document.
   	wrdDoc.Saved = true;
   	wrdDoc.Close(ref oFalse,ref oMissing,ref oMissing);
   
   
   	// Release References.
   	wrdSelection = null;
   	wrdMailMerge = null;
   	wrdMergeFields = null;
   	wrdDoc = null;
   	wrdApp = null;
   
   	// Clean up temp file.
   	System.IO.File.Delete("C://DataDoc.doc");
   } 
   					

   注意：Microsfot Office Word 2003 为文档的 Open 方法提供了一个附加参数。Èç¹ûÄúʹÓõÄÊÇ Word 2003 PIA£¬Çëɾ³ý¶Ô Open ·½·¨µÄ¸½¼Ó²ÎÊýËù×öµÄ×¢ÊÍ¡£
7. ½«ÒÔÏ´úÂëÌí¼Óµ½ Form1.cs µÄ¶¥²¿£º

   using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;
   					

8. 按 F5 键生成并运行该程序。
9. 单击 Button1 以启动 Word 自动化功能并执行邮件合并。

参考

有关更多信息，请访问下面的 Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) Web 站点：

Microsoft Office Development with Visual Studio（使用 Visual Studio 进行 Microsoft Office 开发）
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/dnoffdev/html/vsofficedev.asp

有关其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：

285332 HOWTO:Automate Word 2002 with Visual Basic to Create a Mail Merge

这篇文章中的信息适用于:

• Microsoft Visual C# .NET (2003)
• Microsoft Visual C# .NET (2002)
• Microsoft Office Word 2003
• Microsoft Word 2002

最近更新:	2004-2-13 (5.0)
关键字:	kbPIA kbAutomation kbhowto KB301659