10-Linux-fdisk

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-05 18:40:49 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-05 18:40:49 发布

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分类专栏： Linux 文章标签： Linux fdisk

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wuqinfei_cs/article/details/18425419

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概述

fdisk是IBM开发的分区工具,支持绝大所属OS.
Linux的发行版本基本都装有fdisk, 在rescue模式下仍可使用.
fdisk基于MBR, 因此使用GPT分区机制的无法使用fdisk

操作

fdisk -l 查看磁盘及分区信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000acc0a

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1               1         262     2097152   82  Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2   *         262        1045     6290432   83  Linux

fdisk /dev/sdb 进入fdisk的交互界面

[root@wuqinfei wuqinfei]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x7e5f041d.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help):

帮助信息

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): p print the partition table

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x7e5f041d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help):

创建主分区 /dev/sdb1 大小256M

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130): +256M

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x7e5f041d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1          34      273073+  83  Linux

创建扩展分区 /dev/sdb2 大小为剩下的所有空间

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (35-130, default 35):
Using default value 35
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (35-130, default 130):
Using default value 130

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x7e5f041d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1          34      273073+  83  Linux
/dev/sdb2              35         130      771120    5  Extended

创建逻辑分区 /dev/sdb5 大小256M (注: 逻辑分区从分区号5开始)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   l   logical (5 or over)
   p   primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (35-130, default 35):
Using default value 35
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (35-130, default 130): +256M

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x7e5f041d

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1          34      273073+  83  Linux
/dev/sdb2              35         130      771120    5  Extended
/dev/sdb5              35          68      273073+  83  Linux

更改分区类型
82 Linux swap / So
83 Linux
85 Linux extended

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-5): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): l

 0  Empty           24  NEC DOS         81  Minix / old Lin bf  Solaris
 1  FAT12           39  Plan 9          82  Linux swap / So c1  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 2  XENIX root      3c  PartitionMagic  83  Linux           c4  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 3  XENIX usr       40  Venix 80286     84  OS/2 hidden C:  c6  DRDOS/sec (FAT-
 4  FAT16 <32M      41  PPC PReP Boot   85  Linux extended  c7  Syrinx
 5  Extended        42  SFS             86  NTFS volume set da  Non-FS data
 6  FAT16           4d  QNX4.x          87  NTFS volume set db  CP/M / CTOS / .
 7  HPFS/NTFS       4e  QNX4.x 2nd part 88  Linux plaintext de  Dell Utility
 8  AIX             4f  QNX4.x 3rd part 8e  Linux LVM       df  BootIt
 9  AIX bootable    50  OnTrack DM      93  Amoeba          e1  DOS access
 a  OS/2 Boot Manag 51  OnTrack DM6 Aux 94  Amoeba BBT      e3  DOS R/O
 b  W95 FAT32       52  CP/M            9f  BSD/OS          e4  SpeedStor
 c  W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53  OnTrack DM6 Aux a0  IBM Thinkpad hi eb  BeOS fs
 e  W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54  OnTrackDM6      a5  FreeBSD         ee  GPT
 f  W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55  EZ-Drive        a6  OpenBSD         ef  EFI (FAT-12/16/
10  OPUS            56  Golden Bow      a7  NeXTSTEP        f0  Linux/PA-RISC b
11  Hidden FAT12    5c  Priam Edisk     a8  Darwin UFS      f1  SpeedStor
12  Compaq diagnost 61  SpeedStor       a9  NetBSD          f4  SpeedStor
14  Hidden FAT16 <3 63  GNU HURD or Sys ab  Darwin boot     f2  DOS secondary
16  Hidden FAT16    64  Novell Netware  af  HFS / HFS+      fb  VMware VMFS
17  Hidden HPFS/NTF 65  Novell Netware  b7  BSDI fs         fc  VMware VMKCORE
18  AST SmartSleep  70  DiskSecure Mult b8  BSDI swap       fd  Linux raid auto
1b  Hidden W95 FAT3 75  PC/IX           bb  Boot Wizard hid fe  LANstep
1c  Hidden W95 FAT3 80  Old Minix       be  Solaris boot    ff  BBT
1e  Hidden W95 FAT1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 83

将分区表写入

Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@wuqinfei wuqinfei]# ls /dev/sdb* /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb5

partprobe 让内核更新分区信息

[root@wuqinfei wuqinfei]# partprobe
Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy).  As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr1 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr1 has been opened read-only.
[root@wuqinfei wuqinfei]#

fdisk -l

[root@wuqinfei wuqinfei]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x05424238

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1          34      273073+  83  Linux
/dev/sdb2              35         130      771120    5  Extended
/dev/sdb5              35          68      273073+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000acc0a

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1               1         262     2097152   82  Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2   *         262        1045     6290432   83  Linux

cat /proc/partitions

[root@wuqinfei wuqinfei]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor  #blocks  name

   8       16    1048576 sdb
   8       17     273073 sdb1
   8       18          1 sdb2
   8       21     273073 sdb5
   8        0    8388608 sda
   8        1    2097152 sda1
   8        2    6290432 sda2