场景一:
jdk 中动态代理原理:
package dynamic.proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
/**
* 实现自己的InvocationHandler
* @author zyb
* @since 2012-8-9
*
*/
public class MyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {
// 目标对象
private Object target;
/**
* 构造方法
* @param target 目标对象
*/
public MyInvocationHandler(Object target) {
super();
this.target = target;
}
/**
* 执行目标对象的方法
*/
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
// 在目标对象的方法执行之前简单的打印一下
System.out.println("------------------before------------------");
// 执行目标对象的方法
Object result = method.invoke(target, args);
// 在目标对象的方法执行之后简单的打印一下
System.out.println("-------------------after------------------");
return result;
}
/**
* 获取目标对象的代理对象
* @return 代理对象
*/
public Object getProxy() {
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(),
target.getClass().getInterfaces(), this);
}
}
public interface UserService {
/**
* 目标方法
*/
public abstract void add();
}
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see dynamic.proxy.UserService#add()
*/
public void add() {
System.out.println("--------------------add---------------");
}
}
public class ProxyTest {
@Test
public void testProxy() throws Throwable {
// 实例化目标对象
UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
// 实例化InvocationHandler
MyInvocationHandler invocationHandler = new MyInvocationHandler(userService);
// 根据目标对象生成代理对象
UserService proxy = (UserService) invocationHandler.getProxy();
// 调用代理对象的方法
proxy.add();
}
}
/**
* loader:类加载器
* interfaces:目标对象实现的接口
* h:InvocationHandler的实现类
*/
public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,
Class<?>[] interfaces,
InvocationHandler h)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
if (h == null) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
/*
* Look up or generate the designated proxy class.
*/
Class cl = getProxyClass(loader, interfaces);
/*
* Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler.
*/
try {
// 调用代理对象的构造方法(也就是$Proxy0(InvocationHandler h))
Constructor cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);
// 生成代理类的实例并把MyInvocationHandler的实例传给它的构造方法
return (Object) cons.newInstance(new Object[] { h });
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
throw new InternalError(e.toString());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new InternalError(e.toString());
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
throw new InternalError(e.toString());
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
throw new InternalError(e.toString());
}
}
public static Class<?> getProxyClass(ClassLoader loader,
Class<?>... interfaces)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
// 如果目标类实现的接口数大于65535个则抛出异常(我XX,谁会写这么NB的代码啊?)
if (interfaces.length > 65535) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded");
}
// 声明代理对象所代表的Class对象(有点拗口)
Class proxyClass = null;
String[] interfaceNames = new String[interfaces.length];
Set interfaceSet = new HashSet(); // for detecting duplicates
// 遍历目标类所实现的接口
for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
// 拿到目标类实现的接口的名称
String interfaceName = interfaces[i].getName();
Class interfaceClass = null;
try {
// 加载目标类实现的接口到内存中
interfaceClass = Class.forName(interfaceName, false, loader);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
}
if (interfaceClass != interfaces[i]) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
interfaces[i] + " is not visible from class loader");
}
// 中间省略了一些无关紧要的代码 .......
// 把目标类实现的接口代表的Class对象放到Set中
interfaceSet.add(interfaceClass);
interfaceNames[i] = interfaceName;
}
// 把目标类实现的接口名称作为缓存(Map)中的key
Object key = Arrays.asList(interfaceNames);
Map cache;
synchronized (loaderToCache) {
// 从缓存中获取cache
cache = (Map) loaderToCache.get(loader);
if (cache == null) {
// 如果获取不到,则新建地个HashMap实例
cache = new HashMap();
// 把HashMap实例和当前加载器放到缓存中
loaderToCache.put(loader, cache);
}
}
synchronized (cache) {
do {
// 根据接口的名称从缓存中获取对象
Object value = cache.get(key);
if (value instanceof Reference) {
proxyClass = (Class) ((Reference) value).get();
}
if (proxyClass != null) {
// 如果代理对象的Class实例已经存在,则直接返回
return proxyClass;
} else if (value == pendingGenerationMarker) {
try {
cache.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
continue;
} else {
cache.put(key, pendingGenerationMarker);
break;
}
} while (true);
}
try {
// 中间省略了一些代码 .......
// 这里就是动态生成代理对象的最关键的地方
byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
proxyName, interfaces);
try {
// 根据代理类的字节码生成代理类的实例
proxyClass = defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
} catch (ClassFormatError e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
}
}
// add to set of all generated proxy classes, for isProxyClass
proxyClasses.put(proxyClass, null);
}
// 中间省略了一些代码 .......
return proxyClass;
}
public static byte[] generateProxyClass(final String name,
Class[] interfaces)
{
ProxyGenerator gen = new ProxyGenerator(name, interfaces);
// 这里动态生成代理类的字节码,由于比较复杂就不进去看了
final byte[] classFile = gen.generateClassFile();
// 如果saveGeneratedFiles的值为true,则会把所生成的代理类的字节码保存到硬盘上
if (saveGeneratedFiles) {
java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
public Void run() {
try {
FileOutputStream file =
new FileOutputStream(dotToSlash(name) + ".class");
file.write(classFile);
file.close();
return null;
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new InternalError(
"I/O exception saving generated file: " + e);
}
}
});
}
// 返回代理类的字节码
return classFile;
}
那就是由谁来调用InvocationHandler的invoke方法的???
package dynamic.proxy;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import sun.misc.ProxyGenerator;
/**
* 代理类的生成工具
* @author zyb
* @since 2012-8-9
*/
public class ProxyGeneratorUtils {
/**
* 把代理类的字节码写到硬盘上
* @param path 保存路径
*/
public static void writeProxyClassToHardDisk(String path) {
// 第一种方法,这种方式在刚才分析ProxyGenerator时已经知道了
// System.getProperties().put("sun.misc.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles", true);
// 第二种方法
// 获取代理类的字节码
byte[] classFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass("$Proxy11", UserServiceImpl.class.getInterfaces());
FileOutputStream out = null;
try {
out = new FileOutputStream(path);
out.write(classFile);
out.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
package dynamic.proxy;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* 动态代理测试类
* @author zyb
* @since 2012-8-9
*
*/
public class ProxyTest {
@Test
public void testProxy() throws Throwable {
// 实例化目标对象
UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
// 实例化InvocationHandler
MyInvocationHandler invocationHandler = new MyInvocationHandler(userService);
// 根据目标对象生成代理对象
UserService proxy = (UserService) invocationHandler.getProxy();
// 调用代理对象的方法
proxy.add();
}
@Test
public void testGenerateProxyClass() {
ProxyGeneratorUtils.writeProxyClassToHardDisk("F:/$Proxy11.class");
}
}
import dynamic.proxy.UserService;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
public final class $Proxy11 extends Proxy
implements UserService
{
// 构造方法,参数就是刚才传过来的MyInvocationHandler类的实例
public $Proxy11(InvocationHandler invocationhandler)
{
super(invocationhandler);
}
public final boolean equals(Object obj)
{
try
{
return ((Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[] {
obj
})).booleanValue();
}
catch(Error _ex) { }
catch(Throwable throwable)
{
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
/**
* 这个方法是关键部分
*/
public final void add()
{
try
{
// 实际上就是调用MyInvocationHandler的public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)方法,第二个问题就解决了
super.h.invoke(this, m3, null);
return;
}
catch(Error _ex) { }
catch(Throwable throwable)
{
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
public final int hashCode()
{
try
{
return ((Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, null)).intValue();
}
catch(Error _ex) { }
catch(Throwable throwable)
{
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
public final String toString()
{
try
{
return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, null);
}
catch(Error _ex) { }
catch(Throwable throwable)
{
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(throwable);
}
}
private static Method m1;
private static Method m3;
private static Method m0;
private static Method m2;
// 在静态代码块中获取了4个方法:Object中的equals方法、UserService中的add方法、Object中的hashCode方法、Object中toString方法
static
{
try
{
m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", new Class[] {
Class.forName("java.lang.Object")
});
m3 = Class.forName("dynamic.proxy.UserService").getMethod("add", new Class[0]);
m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode", new Class[0]);
m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString", new Class[0]);
}
catch(NoSuchMethodException nosuchmethodexception)
{
throw new NoSuchMethodError(nosuchmethodexception.getMessage());
}
catch(ClassNotFoundException classnotfoundexception)
{
throw new NoClassDefFoundError(classnotfoundexception.getMessage());
}
}
}
2、回调函数
//当连接超时的情况下,做一个时间限定,让等待时间缩短
Callable<String> call = new Callable<String>() {
public String call() throws Exception {
//开始执行耗时操作
return getHttpServiceData(urlT + "?method=updateUser&check=" + getCheck(userHttpT), userHttpJson);
}
};
try {
Future<String> future = exec.submit(call);