python 类的学习

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import string
# class gxd:       #经典类
class gxd(object):     #新式类    多继承方式改变
    def __init__(self,name,age,address,score):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.address = address
        self.__score = score
    def mingzi(self):
        print("你的名字是",self.name,"年龄：",self.age)
    def simple(self):
        print("分数为：",self.__score)  #私有属性    私有方法类似
    # def __del__(self):
    #     print("程序结束（析构函数)",self.name)
    # del __del__
r1 =gxd('gxd','22','henan','100')
r1.mingzi()
r1.simple()
class xxx(object):
    def playwith(self,obj):
        print("%s is play with %s"%(self.name,obj.name))
class ggg(gxd,xxx):             #继承
    ####### 多继承默认从左到右   python3 都是是广度优先来继承    python2经典类是深度优先来继承      新式类也是广度优先来继承（加object）
    def __init__(self,name,age,address,score,intresting):     #重构子类属性
        # gxd.__init__(self,name,age,address,score)
        super(ggg,self).__init__(name,age,address,score)      #同上    新式类写法
        self.intresting = intresting
                # @classmethod    类方法  只能访问类变量，不能访问实例变量
        # @staticmethod     静态方法  名义上归类管理，实际上跟类没啥关系
        # @property      属性方法  把一个方法变成一个静态属性    平常不能传参数
        # 如果要传参数   要写一个同名字的方法，在方法上边@方法名.setter    删除的话 @方法名.deleter 同上
    def play(self):
        print("%s   is playing DOTA2"% self.name)
    def simple(self):                     #调用（重构）父类方法
        gxd.simple(self)
# m = ggg("ggg","22","henan","99")
m = ggg("gxd","22","henan","99","DOTA2")
m.play()
m.simple()
m.playwith(r1)

多态

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
    def talk(self):
        pass
    # @staticmethod
    def animal_talk(obj):
        obj.talk()
class Cat(Animal):
    def talk(self):
        print('Meow!')
class Dog(Animal):
    def talk(self):
        print('Woof! Woof!')
d = Dog("abc")
c = Cat("123")
Animal.animal_talk(c)
Animal.animal_talk(d)

 

 

python 类的练习题

https://blog.csdn.net/ywq935/article/details/78348590

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
@author: gxd
@function:
@file: 类的练习.py
@time: 2018/11/18 10:24
'''

Course_List=[]
class School(object):
    def __init__(self,school_name):
        self.school_name=school_name
        self.students_list=[]
        self.teachers_list=[]
        global Course_List
    def hire(self,obj):
        self.teachers_list.append(obj.name)
        print("[Notice]:雇佣了新员工 %s"%obj.name)
    def enroll(self,obj):
        self.students_list.append(obj.name)
        print("[Notice]:学员 %s 信息注册成功，ID：%s"%(obj.name,obj.id))

class Grade(School):
    def __init__(self,school_name,grade_code,grade_course):
        super(Grade, self).__init__(school_name)
        self.code=grade_code
        self.course=grade_course
        self.members=[]
        Course_List.append(self.course)
        print("[Notice]:Now,School |%s|grade|%s|create course|%s|"%(self.school_name,self.code,self.course))
    def course_info(self):
        print("""
            Syllabus(课程大纲) of %s is :
                day 1:
                day 2:
                ....
                ....
            
            """ %self.course)
Python = Grade('BJ',16,'Python')
Go = Grade('BJ',1,'Go')
Linux = Grade('SH',10,'Linux')

class School_member(object):
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex,role):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age
        self.sex=sex
        self.role=role
        self.course_list=[]
        print('----My name is %s ,and I am a %s----'%(self.name,self.role))
stu_num_id=00
class Students(School_member):
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex,role,course):
        super(Students, self).__init__(name,age,sex,role)
        global  stu_num_id
        stu_id = course.school_name+'S'+str(course.code)+str(stu_num_id).zfill(2)
        self.id = stu_id
        self.mark_list={}
    def study(self,course):
        print('---- I learn %s,ID %s ----'%(course.course,self.id))
    def pay(self,course):
        print('---- I pay 2000$ fo %s ----'%course.course)
        self.course_list.append(course.course)
    def Praise(self,obj):
        print('---- %s Praise %s:Perfect!----'%(self.name,obj.name))
    def mark_check(self):
        for i in self.mark_list.items():
            print(i)
    def out(self):
        print('[Notice]:The mark of %s was so bad,he(she) opt out at last'%self.name)

tea_num_id = 00
class Teachers(School_member):
    def __init__(self,name,age,sex,role,course):
        super(Teachers, self).__init__(name,age,sex,role)
        global tea_num_id
        tea_num_id += 1 #保证有两位数，个位数时往前补0
        Tea_id = course.school_name+'T'+str(course.code)+str(tea_num_id).zfill(2)
        self.id=Tea_id
    def teach(self,course):
        print('---- I teach course %s, id %s ----'%(course.course,self.id))
    def record_mark(self,Date,course,obj,level):
        print('It is  %s \'s mark in the Day %s of the course %s : %s' %(obj.name,Date,course.course,level) )
        obj.mark_list['Day'+Date]=level

a = Students('张三',21,'W','student',Python)
Python.enroll(a)
a.study(Python)
a.pay(Python)

b = Students('李四',22,'M','student',Python)
Python.enroll(b)
b.study(Python)
b.pay(Python)

c = Students('赵武',23,'M','student',Python)
Python.enroll(c)
c.study(Python)
c.pay(Python)


t = Teachers('王二',30,'M','teacher',Python)
Python.hire(t)
t.teach(Python)
t.record_mark('6',Python,a,'A')
t.record_mark('6',Python,c,'B')
t.record_mark('1',Python,b,'C-')
t.record_mark('2',Python,b,'C-')
t.record_mark('3',Python,b,'C-')
t.record_mark('4',Python,b,'C-')
t.record_mark('5',Python,b,'C-')
t.record_mark('6',Python,b,'C-')
print(b.course_list)  #查看已报名课程
b.mark_check()  #评分查询
b.out()
a.Praise(t)

类的特殊成员

# # 类的特殊成员
# class gxd(object):
#     """     这个类是干嘛的"""
# print(gxd.__doc__)       #打印类的说明
# print(gxd.__module__)     #输出当前所属模块
# print(gxd.__class__)      #输出类
# print(gxd.__dict__)    #  查看类或对象中的所有方法
#  __str__  __getitem__  __setitem__  __delitem__
#__new__          先于实例化过程，通过__new__方法来实例化，用来创建实例
#__metaclass__       可以看这个http://stackoverflow.com/questions/100003/what-is-a-metaclass-in-python
# class Foo(object):
#     def __init__(self,name):
#         self.name=name
#
# f = Foo("ggg")               #f对象是Foo类的一个实例，Foo类对象是type类的一个实例    Foo类对象是通过type类的构造方法创建
#
#另一种创建类
#类是由type类实例化产生
# def func(self):
#     print("hello %s"%self.name)
# def __init__(self,name,age):
#     self.name = name
#     self.age = age
# Foo = type('Foo',(object,),{'hello':func,
#                            '__init__':__init__})
# f = Foo("ggg",22)

反射

def bulk(self):
    print("%s is  jiao ...."%self.name)
class Dog(object):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name=name
    def eat(self,food):
        print("%s   is eating...."%self.name,food)
d = Dog("123")
choice = input(":::::").strip()
# print(hasattr(d,choice))     #判断d中有无这个choice方法
# getattr(d,choice)()          #调用这个方法
if hasattr(d,choice):
    # delattr(d,choice)          删除某个属性方法
    func = getattr(d,choice)
    func("333")
else:
    setattr(d,choice,bulk)          #动态装进去一个方法
    # setattr(d,choice,22)     装进去一个属性值
    # print(getattr(d,choice))
    d.bulk(d)