gpl3.0中文翻译

各位读者在阅读GNU GPL V3.0的时候，是否一头雾水，各种卡壳，被译文弄得不知所云、痛苦不堪。如果有，请看本文的翻译，这是译者花费30个小时，参考多份译本，自己翻译的。当然译者水平有限，难免有错误、疏漏，望各位读者谅解。本译本的目的只有一个：让你能够流畅的读完这个开源许可证，并且理解原文表达的核心意思，如果能够达到此目的，即实现了译者的初衷。

本译本尽可能尊重英文原版，但为了便于读者理解，译者对部分名词，采用了使用我国著作权法里专有名词的译法（内涵可能存在一定区别），并将原文里部分的长句或者从句的语法结构进行了变更、拆解或者组合，将部分无关紧要的定语进行了删减，将部分不符合中文表达规范的用词进行了类似的替换，以使得读着可以流畅的阅读并掌握原文的主要内容。欢迎对此译本进行免费转载，转载请完整保留译者信息。欢迎各位读者批评指正。

译者：徐顺，北京市京都（深圳）律师事务所执业律师 电话：15989486116，微信号：xushun19，欢迎交流开源法律问题，欢迎关注微信公众号：ziyouwusuojiban。

This translation of the GPL is informal, and not officially approved by the Free Software Foundation as valid. To be completely sure of what is permitted, refer to the original GPL (in English).
本 GPL 翻译文本是非正式的，没有被自由软件基金会（FSF）正式批准为有效。若要完全确定何种行为被允许，请参阅原始 GPL（英文）。

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

GNU通用公共授权许可证

Version 3, 29 June 2007

2007年6月29日第三版

Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. http://fsf.org/
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

自由软件基金会公司，2007版权所有。 http://fsf.org/
每个人都可以原样复制和呈现此授权许可证全文，但不允许修改。

Preamble
序言

The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
software and other kinds of works.

GNU通用公共授权许可证是一种可以免费使用的，针对软件和其他作品的“著佐权”许可证。

The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
share and change all versions of a program–to make sure it remains free
software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
your programs, too.

绝大多数的软件和实用作品的授权许可证，都被设计为不允许共享作品、修改作品。相较而言，GNU通用公共授权许可证意在保证您拥有共享和修改一个程序的全部版本的自由，使得软件面向所有用户均保持为自由软件。我们自由软件基金，在我们大多数软件中都使用GNU通用公共授权许可证，许可证同样可以适在希望按照这种方式发布的任何其他作品上。你也可以让你的软件使用本授权。

When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
free programs, and that you know you can do these things.

当我们谈及自由软件软件，我们指的是行动自由，而非价格免费。我们的通用公共授权许可证意在确保你拥有发行自由软件副本的自由（如果你愿意，也可以收费），确保你可以收到源代码，或者在你想要的时候能找到源代码，确保你可以修改相关软件或者将其一部分用于新的自由程序中，同时确保你知道你有权做上述事情。

To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.

为了保护你的权利，我们需要防止其他人否认你的这些权利，或者要求你放弃这些权利。因此，如果你发行相关软件副本，或者修改副本，你需要肩负起尊重他人自由的责任。

For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive
or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they
know their rights.

例如，如果你发行一个自由程序的副本，无论是免费的还是收费的，你必须将你从上游收到的自由，向下游传递下去。你必须确保他们也可以收到或者找到源代码。你必须向他们展示同样的授权条款，让他们知道他们的权利。

Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
(1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.

使用GNU通用公共授权许可证的开发者们，通过以下两个步骤保护你的权利：（1）在软件上声明拥有版权（2）给你提供本授权许可证，给你法律上的复制权、发行权和/或修改权。

For the developers’ and authors’ protection, the GPL clearly explains
that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users’ and
authors’ sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
authors of previous versions.

为了对开发者和作者进行保护，本通用公共授权许可证明确说明如下：自由软件不含任何担保。无论是从使用者，还是从作者的利益角度出发，本通用公共授权许可证要求：如果对软进行了修改，则需要进行标注，以避免修改版软件中的问题会被错误的归咎到先前版本的作者身上。

Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
protecting users’ freedom to change the software. The systematic
pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to
use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we
have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those
products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we
stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions
of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.

有些设备被设计成拒绝用户在其上面安装或者运行修改版的软件，而将此权利保留给制造商（译者注：例如打印机）。这种情况与保护用户拥有自由修改软件的权利出现了根本性冲突。这种系统性大量滥用权利的情况，出现在了个人用户产品领域，这是最让人无法接受的。因此，我们设计了此版本的通用公共授权许可证来阻止这样的做法。如果这些问题在其他领域实质性出现，我们准备将在未来版本的通用公共授权许可证里，将条款延伸至这些相应领域，用来保护用户的自由。

Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.
States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that
patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.

最后，每个程序都持续的受到软件专利的威胁。政府不应当让专利限制了通用计算机软件的发展和使用。但是，在那些允许专利限制的地方，我们希望可以避免这种因专利导致自由软件实质上被私有化的特殊威胁。为了防止此事，本通用公共授权许可证声明，专利不能够不能够被用来将自有软件程序非自由化。

The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.

有关复制权、发行权和修改权的具体条款及适用条件如下

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

条款及适用条件

0. Definitions.

0.定义

“This License” refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.

“本授权许可”指GNU通用公共授权许可证第三版。

“Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
works, such as semiconductor masks.

“版权”亦至适用于其他作品种类的，类似版权法的法律，如半导体掩膜领域的版权保护法律。

“The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
License. Each licensee is addressed as “you”. “Licensees” and
“recipients” may be individuals or organizations.

“程序”指由本许可证授权的所有可获得版权的作品。被授权人称为“你”，“被授权人”和“接收人”可以是个人，也可以是组织。

To “modify” a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work
in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an
exact copy. The resulting work is called a “modified version” of the
earlier work or a work “based on” the earlier work.

“修改”一份作品指的是除了制作一份完全相同的副本之外，对作品整体或者一部分进行复制或改变。所产生的作品称为先前作品的“修改版”，或者是“基于”先前作品的作品。

A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work based
on the Program.

“受保护作品”指未经修改的程序作品，或基于该程序作品的衍生作品。

To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without
permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying,
distribution (with or without modification), making available to the
public, and in some countries other activities as well.

“传播”作品指除了在计算机上运行或者修改一份自己持有副本情形外，任何可能使你直接或者间接承担版权法侵权责任的行为。传播行为包括复制、分发（无论是否修改），让公众共享，和在某些国家里的其他类似行为。

To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through
a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.

“传递”作品指任何能够使其他主体制作或获取副本的所有传播行为。仅仅通过计算机网络与用户交互，而没有传送副本，不属于传递。（译者注：此处属于“传播”但不属于“传递”的行为，指本人或者本组织内的传播，例如多台设备之间的安装或备份）

An interactive user interface displays “Appropriate Legal Notices”
to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible
feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the
extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the
work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.

交互式用户界面中的“相关法律声明”应当以便利且显著的可视化的特征来展示，法律声明包括：（1）一份合适的版权说明，和（2）告诉用户：a.本作品不含担保（除非确实提供了担保）， b.本授权许可证持有人有权传递本作品，c.告诉用户如何查看本授权许可证的副本。如果交互式界面中有用户命令和选项列表，比如菜单，在列表中的一个显著栏目来展示法律声明，即符合规范。

1. Source Code.

1、源代码

The “source code” for a work means the preferred form of the work
for making modifications to it. “Object code” means any non-source
form of a work.

作品“源代码”指对作品进行修改时最常用的代码表现形式。“目标代码”指作品的任何非源代码形式的代码。

A “Standard Interface” means an interface that either is an official
standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
is widely used among developers working in that language.

“标准接口”指接口是由公认的标准组织来定义的符合官方标准的接口、或者是某种特定语言定义的众多接口中，由使用这种语言的开发者们广泛使用的接口。

The “System Libraries” of an executable work include anything, other
than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
implementation is available to the public in