目标：将 Linux 上的 mysql 数据同步到 本地的 mysql 数据库中：
Linux 上的 mysql 数据库 ： 192.168.8.142
Linux 上的 canal ：192.168.8.142
电脑本地的 mysql 数据库 ：127.0.0.1
首先在 Linux 上安装 Java 环境
以及在 Linux 上安装 mysql 数据库
1、下载并解压缩
（1）保存到自己选择的目录下，我的是： /usr/local/resources/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/resources/
[root@localhost resources]# wget https://github.com/alibaba/canal/releases/download/v1.0.23/canal.deployer-1.0.23.tar.gz
（2）解压到自己指定的目录下，我的是： /usr/local/work/canal-1.0.23/
[root@localhost resources]# cd ..
[root@localhost local]# cd work/
[root@localhost work]# mkdir canal-1.0.23
[root@localhost work]# cd ..
[root@localhost local]# cd resources/
[root@localhost resources]# tar -zxvf canal.deployer-1.0.23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/work/canal-1.0.23/
2、创建mysql的canal用户
[root@localhost work]# cd /usr/local/work/mysql-5.7.26/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
mysql> CREATE USER 'canal'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'canal';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'canal'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> CREATE USER 'canal'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'canal';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'canal'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
如果有报这个错，启动 mysql 服务就可以了，顺便把防火墙也关了
[root@localhost bin]# service mysql status
ERROR! MySQL is not running, but PID file exists
[root@localhost bin]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl stop firewalld
3、检查binlog功能是否有开启
（1）如果显示状态为OFF表示该功能未开启，所以我们需要开启binlog功能
mysql> show variables like 'log_bin';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_bin | OFF |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
（2）将状态改为 NO
mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@localhost work]# vi /etc/my.cnf
（3）追加内容：
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin #binlog文件名
binlog_format=ROW #选择row模式
server_id=1 #mysql实例id,不能和canal的slaveId重复
如图：保存退出
（4）重启 mysql：
[root@localhost work]# service mysql restart
（5）再查询是否开启binlog功能： ON 表示
4、修改canal配置文件(如果是访问本机，并且用户密码都为canal则不需要修改配置文件)
注意：192.168.8.142 指的是刚刚配置的 mysql 所在的服务的 ip 地址
[root@localhost bin]# vi /usr/local/work/canal-1.0.23/conf/example/instance.properties
#################################################
## mysql serverId
canal.instance.mysql.slaveId = 1234
# position info
canal.instance.master.address = 192.168.8.142:3306
canal.instance.master.journal.name =
canal.instance.master.position =
canal.instance.master.timestamp =
#canal.instance.standby.address =
#canal.instance.standby.journal.name =
#canal.instance.standby.position =
#canal.instance.standby.timestamp =
# username/password
#修改这两项
canal.instance.dbUsername = canal
canal.instance.dbPassword = canal
canal.instance.defaultDatabaseName =
canal.instance.connectionCharset = UTF-8
# table regex
canal.instance.filter.regex = .*\\..*
# table black regex
canal.instance.filter.black.regex =
#################################################
5、启动canal
[root@localhost canal-1.0.23]# sh /usr/local/work/canal-1.0.23/bin/startup.sh
......
cd to /usr/local/work/canal-1.0.23 for continue
现在这个则表示启动成功
6、其他命令
关闭 canal
[root@master1 canal]# sh /usr/local/work/canal-1.0.23/bin/stop.sh
查询相关日志
[root@master1 canal]# cat /usr/local/work/canal-1.0.23/canal.log
[root@master1 canal]# cat /usr/local/work/canal-1.0.23/example.log
7、新建一个 Java 项目
（1）相关依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.otter</groupId>
<artifactId>canal.client</artifactId>
<version>1.0.12</version>
</dependency>
（2）创建application.yml配置文件
# 服务端口
server:
port: 8888
# 连接本地数据库，进行同步 test 数据库的数据
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username: root
password: root
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
（3）编写ClientSample类订阅binlog
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnector;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.client.CanalConnectors;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.CanalEntry.*;
import com.alibaba.otter.canal.protocol.Message;
import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.DbUtils;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
@Component
public class CanalClient {
//sql队列
private Queue<String> SQL_QUEUE = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
@Resource
private DataSource dataSource;
/**
* canal入库方法
*/
public void run() {
// 192.168.8.142 填自己在 canal 配置文件中的 ip 地址
CanalConnector connector = CanalConnectors.newSingleConnector(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.8.142",
11111), "example", "", "");
int batchSize = 1000;
try {
connector.connect();
connector.subscribe(".*\\..*");
connector.rollback();
try {
while (true) {
//尝试从master那边拉去数据batchSize条记录，有多少取多少
Message message = connector.getWithoutAck(batchSize);
long batchId = message.getId();
int size = message.getEntries().size();
if (batchId == -1 || size == 0) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} else {
dataHandle(message.getEntries());
}
connector.ack(batchId);
//当队列里面堆积的sql大于一定数值的时候就模拟执行
if (SQL_QUEUE.size() >= 1) {
executeQueueSql();
}
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} finally {
connector.disconnect();
}
}
/**
* 模拟执行队列里面的sql语句
*/
public void executeQueueSql() {
int size = SQL_QUEUE.size();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
String sql = SQL_QUEUE.poll();
System.out.println("[sql]----> " + sql);
this.execute(sql.toString());
}
}
/**
* 数据处理
*
* @param entrys
*/
private void dataHandle(List<Entry> entrys) throws InvalidProtocolBufferException {
for (Entry entry : entrys) {
if (EntryType.ROWDATA == entry.getEntryType()) {
RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
EventType eventType = rowChange.getEventType();
if (eventType == EventType.DELETE) {
saveDeleteSql(entry);
} else if (eventType == EventType.UPDATE) {
saveUpdateSql(entry);
} else if (eventType == EventType.INSERT) {
saveInsertSql(entry);
}
}
}
}
/**
* 保存更新语句
*
* @param entry
*/
private void saveUpdateSql(Entry entry) {
try {
RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
List<Column> newColumnList = rowData.getAfterColumnsList();
StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("update " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " set ");
for (int i = 0; i < newColumnList.size(); i++) {
sql.append(" " + newColumnList.get(i).getName()
+ " = '" + newColumnList.get(i).getValue() + "'");
if (i != newColumnList.size() - 1) {
sql.append(",");
}
}
sql.append(" where ");
List<Column> oldColumnList = rowData.getBeforeColumnsList();
for (Column column : oldColumnList) {
if (column.getIsKey()) {
//暂时只支持单一主键
sql.append(column.getName() + "=" + column.getValue());
break;
}
}
SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
}
} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 保存删除语句
*
* @param entry
*/
private void saveDeleteSql(Entry entry) {
try {
RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
List<Column> columnList = rowData.getBeforeColumnsList();
StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("delete from " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " where ");
for (Column column : columnList) {
if (column.getIsKey()) {
//暂时只支持单一主键
sql.append(column.getName() + "=" + column.getValue());
break;
}
}
SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
}
} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 保存插入语句
*
* @param entry
*/
private void saveInsertSql(Entry entry) {
try {
RowChange rowChange = RowChange.parseFrom(entry.getStoreValue());
List<RowData> rowDatasList = rowChange.getRowDatasList();
for (RowData rowData : rowDatasList) {
List<Column> columnList = rowData.getAfterColumnsList();
StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("insert into " + entry.getHeader().getTableName() + " (");
for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); i++) {
sql.append(columnList.get(i).getName());
if (i != columnList.size() - 1) {
sql.append(",");
}
}
sql.append(") VALUES (");
for (int i = 0; i < columnList.size(); i++) {
sql.append("'" + columnList.get(i).getValue() + "'");
if (i != columnList.size() - 1) {
sql.append(",");
}
}
sql.append(")");
SQL_QUEUE.add(sql.toString());
}
} catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 入库
* @param sql
*/
public void execute(String sql) {
Connection con = null;
try {
if(null == sql) return;
con = dataSource.getConnection();
QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner();
int row = qr.execute(con, sql);
System.out.println("update: "+ row);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
DbUtils.closeQuietly(con);
}
}
}
（4）启动项目时自动同步数据，目的就是为了程序一直处于监听状态
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@SpringBootApplication
public class CanalApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
@Resource
private CanalClient canalClient;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CanalApplication.class, args);
}
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
//项目启动，执行canal客户端监听
canalClient.run();
}
}
（5）测试成果
192.168.8.142： mysql
本地数据库：
注意：一定是相同的数据库名和相同的表名
现在 192.168.8.142 数据库上新增数据
程序有监听到：
本地数据库：
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