drf视图类继承APIVIEW的执行流程

drf中的类为什么要继承APIVIEW：

在APIVIEW的dispatch中执行的initial方法：
​ initial函数中设置了实例化类中的三个校验：
​ 1.perform_authentication(request) 身份校验
​ 2.check_permissions(request) 权限校验
​ 3.check_throttles(request) 访问频率校验
4.initialize_request重新封装了request为request添加了很多属性：

drf as_view() APIVIEW的流程分析，调用父类（VIEW）的as_view(),并执行dispatch()函数，但是APIVIEW中也有dispatch()这个方法,因此执行的是子类(APIVIEW)中的dispatch方法（why）,是不是有个属性查找，我们定义一个Service类他继承于APIVIEW，它自身没有dispatch，他就到他的父类（APIVIEW）中找dispatch.
流程如下：
首先也是执行as_view(),调用父类的as_view,然后执行dispatch函数封装了request，dispatch中有三种校验认证，权限，频率
源码如下：
1.initialize_request重新封装了request
2.initial 认证，权限，频率

class APIView(View):
    @classmethod
    def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
        """
            Store the original class on the view function.

            This allows us to discover information about the view when we do URL
            reverse lookups.  Used for breadcrumb generation.
            """
        #如果
        if isinstance(getattr(cls, 'queryset', None), models.query.QuerySet):
            def force_evaluation():
                raise RuntimeError(
                    'Do not evaluate the `.queryset` attribute directly, '
                    'as the result will be cached and reused between requests. '
                    'Use `.all()` or call `.get_queryset()` instead.'
                )
                cls.queryset._fetch_all = force_evaluation

                view = super(APIView, cls).as_view(**initkwargs)
                view.cls = cls
                view.initkwargs = initkwargs

                # Note: session based authentication is explicitly CSRF validated,
                # all other authentication is CSRF exempt.
                #注释了中间件csrf
                return csrf_exempt(view)
            
     #APIVIEW，中的 
    #1.initialize_request重新封装了request  
     #2.initial
     def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
                """
        `.dispatch()` is pretty much the same as Django's regular dispatch,
        but with extra hooks for startup, finalize, and exception handling.
        """
                self.args = args
                self.kwargs = kwargs
                #封装了一个request对象，这样原来的request就不在了传入了parsers，authenticators，negotiator
                request = self.initialize_request(request, *args, **kwargs)
                self.request = request
                self.headers = self.default_response_headers  # deprecate?

                try:
                    #这个函数添加了三重校验：
                    self.initial(request, *args, **kwargs)

                    # Get the appropriate handler method
                    if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
                        handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(),
                                          self.http_method_not_allowed)
                        else:
                            handler = self.http_method_not_allowed

                            response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)

                            except Exception as exc:
                                response = self.handle_exception(exc)

                                self.response = self.finalize_response(request, response, *args, **kwargs)
                                return self.response

#重新封装request对象通过Request

def initialize_request(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Returns the initial request object.
        """
        parser_context = self.get_parser_context(request)

        return Request(
            request,
            parsers=self.get_parsers(),
            authenticators=self.get_authenticators(),
            negotiator=self.get_content_negotiator(),
            parser_context=parser_context
        )
    
    

#initial函数中设置了实例化类中的三个校验：
#1.perform_authentication(request) 身份校验
#2.check_permissions(request)   权限校验
#3.check_throttles(request)    访问频率校验
def initial(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    """
    Runs anything that needs to occur prior to calling the method handler.
    """
    self.format_kwarg = self.get_format_suffix(**kwargs)

    # Perform content negotiation and store the accepted info on the request
    neg = self.perform_content_negotiation(request)
    request.accepted_renderer, request.accepted_media_type = neg

    # Determine the API version, if versioning is in use.
    version, scheme = self.determine_version(request, *args, **kwargs)
    request.version, request.versioning_scheme = version, scheme

    # Ensure that the incoming request is permitted
    self.perform_authentication(request)
    self.check_permissions(request)
    self.check_throttles(request)

drf的Request类
-data(post提交的数据，json格式，urlencoded，fromdata编码方式的数据)
-data的类型并不是固定的，可能是QueryDict，也可能是字典
-query_params—>原生的GET
-重写了__getattr__ 对象.属性 当属性不存在就会执行该方法
return getattr(self._requset,‘属性’)