单列模式实现

以下是一个完整的单例模式实现code.为了保证单例模式创建的object可以被自动释放而不依靠程序员主动去释放，我们在singleTon实现了一个内部类freeSingleTon.我们知道，当程序结束后，所有的全局变量和static变量都会被析构掉。freeSingleTon的唯一目的就是利用这个特性来对单例模式的object进行析构。

#include <iostream>
#include <pthread.h>
using namespace std;

class singleTon{
  public:
    static singleTon* getInstance(){
      if(pInstance ==NULL) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
        if(pInstance ==NULL){
          pInstance = new singleTon();
        }   
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
      }   
      return pInstance;
    }   

    void setVal(int i) {
      a = i;
    }   

    int getVal(){
      return a;
    }   

    ~singleTon(){
      cout <<"singleTon deconstructor is called" << endl;
    }   

    class freeSingleTon{
      public:
        freeSingleTon(){
          cout <<"freeSingleTon constructor is called" << endl;
        }   
        ~freeSingleTon(){
          cout <<"freeSingleTon deconstructor is called" << endl;
          if(singleTon::pInstance){
            delete singleTon::pInstance;
          }
        }
    };

  private:
    int a;
    static singleTon* pInstance;
    static freeSingleTon f;
    static pthread_mutex_t lock;;
    singleTon(){
      a = 0;
      cout << "singleTon constructor is called" << endl;
    }
    singleTon(const singleTon&);
    singleTon & operator = (const singleTon&);


};
singleTon* singleTon::pInstance = NULL;
singleTon::freeSingleTon singleTon::f;
pthread_mutex_t singleTon::lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;;

pthread_mutex_t print_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
void*
thread_routine(void* arg){
  singleTon * p = singleTon::getInstance();
  pthread_mutex_lock(&print_mutex);
  cout << "thread id: " << pthread_self() <<", field a of singleTon is " << p->getVal() << endl;
  pthread_mutex_unlock(&print_mutex);
}

int main(){
  pthread_t tid[3];
  singleTon * p1 = singleTon::getInstance();

  p1->setVal(5);
  int i;
  for(i =0; i < 3; i++) {
    pthread_create(&tid[i], NULL, thread_routine, &i);
  }

  for(i =0; i < 3; i++) {
    pthread_join(tid[i], NULL);
  }
  return0;

}

output：

freeSingleTon constructor is called
singleTon constructor is called
thread id: 140453118928640, field a of singleTon is 5
thread id: 140453108438784, field a of singleTon is 5
thread id: 140453097948928, field a of singleTon is 5
freeSingleTon deconstructor is called
singleTon deconstructor is called