系列文章目录
用JavaWeb实现登录注册功能,添加记住我和验证码相关功能
文章目录
前言
一、前期准备和项目结构
在此之前,我们应该先完成登录注册的基本功能,可以参考这篇文章参考文章
然后开始实现登录注册的记住我和验证码的功能——主要用到的是Session和Cookie
项目结构为
二、功能实现
1.页面展示:
1.注册页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2023/3/22
Time: 17:44
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>欢迎注册</title>
<link href="css/register.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="form-div">
<div class="reg-content">
<h1>欢迎注册</h1>
<span>已有帐号?</span> <a href="login.jsp">登录</a>
</div>
<form id="reg-form" action="/brand-demo/registerServlet" method=post>
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="username" type="text" id="username">
<br>
<span id="username_err" class="err_msg" >${register_msg}</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="password" type="password" id="password">
<br>
<span id="password_err" class="err_msg" style="display: none">密码格式有误</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>验证码</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="checkCode" type="text" id="checkCode">
<img src="/brand-demo/checkImageServlet" id="checkImageCode">
<a href="#" id="changeImg">看不清?</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="buttons">
<input value="注 册" type="submit" id="reg_btn">
</div>
<br class="clear">
</form>
</div>
<script>
document.getElementById("changeImg").onclick=function () {
document.getElementById("checkImageCode").src="/brand-demo/checkImageServlet?"+new Date().getMilliseconds();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
2.登录页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Wang
Date: 2023/3/22
Time: 16:52
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>login</title>
<link href="css/login.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div id="loginDiv" style="height: 350px">
<form action="/brand-demo/loginServlet" id="form" method=post>
<h1 id="loginMsg">LOGIN IN</h1>
<div id="errorMsg">${login_msg} ${register_msg}</div>
<p>Username:<input id="username" name="username" type="text" value="${cookie.username.value}"></p>
<p>Password:<input id="password" name="password" type="password" value="${cookie.password.value}"></p>
<p>Remember:<input id="remember" name="remember" type="checkbox" value="1"></p>
<div id="subDiv">
<input type="submit" class="button" value="login up">
<input type="reset" class="button" value="reset">
<a href="register.jsp">没有账号?</a>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.数据库连接
1.Mapper代码
package org.example.mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.example.pojo.User;
public interface UserMapper {
/**
* 根据用户名和密码查询用户对象
* @param username
* @param password
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from tb_user where username = #{username} and password = #{password}")
User select(@Param("username") String username, @Param("password") String password);
/**
* 根据用户名查询用户对象
* @param username
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from tb_user where username = #{username}")
User selectByUsername(String username);
/**
* 添加用户
* @param user
*/
@Insert("insert into tb_user values(null,#{username},#{password})")
void add(User user);
}
2.MapperXML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.example.mapper.UserMapper">
</mapper>
核心配置文件参考上篇文章
3.相关实体类
package org.example.pojo;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
4.Service层代码
package org.example.service;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.example.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.example.pojo.User;
import org.example.utils.SqlSessionFactoryUtils;
public class UserService {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = SqlSessionFactoryUtils.getSqlSessionFactory();
public User select(String username,String password){
//连接数据库
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//获取Mapper
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//调用方法
User user = mapper.select(username, password);
sqlSession.close();
return user;
}
public boolean register(User user){
//连接数据库
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//获取Mapper
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//调用方法
User user1 = mapper.selectByUsername(user.getUsername());
if (user1==null){
mapper.add(user);
sqlSession.commit();
}
sqlSession.close();
return user1==null;
}
}
5.Web层代码
1.注册代码
package org.example.web;
import org.example.pojo.User;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/registerServlet")
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
UserService userService=new UserService();
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String checkCode = request.getParameter("checkCode");
User user=new User();
user.setUsername(username);
user.setPassword(password);
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String checkCode1 = (String) session.getAttribute("checkCode");
if (!checkCode.equals(checkCode1)){
session.setAttribute("register_msg","验证码错误");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request,response);
return;
}
boolean flag = userService.register(user);
if (flag){
//注册成功
session.setAttribute("register_msg","注册成功,请登录");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}else {
//注册失败
session.setAttribute("register_msg","该用户已存在");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}
}
2.登录代码
package org.example.web;
import com.mysql.cj.Session;
import org.example.pojo.User;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
UserService userService=new UserService();
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String remember = request.getParameter("remember");
User user = userService.select(username, password);
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//判断是否登录
if (user!=null){
//登录成功
if ("1".equals(remember)){
Cookie username1 = new Cookie("username",username);
Cookie password1=new Cookie("password" ,password);
username1.setMaxAge(60*60*24*7);
password1.setMaxAge(60*60*24*7);
response.addCookie(username1);
response.addCookie(password1);
}
session.setAttribute("user",user);
String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
System.out.println(contextPath);
response.sendRedirect(contextPath+"/selectAllServlet");
}else {
//登录失败
request.setAttribute("login_msg","用户名或密码不正确");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}
}
3.验证码代码
package org.example.web;
import org.example.utils.CheckCodeUtil;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import static org.example.utils.CheckCodeUtil.outputVerifyImage;
@WebServlet("/checkImageServlet")
public class CheckImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
String checkCode = CheckCodeUtil.outputVerifyImage(100, 50, os, 4);
//存入Session
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("checkCode",checkCode);
}
}
6. 工具类——生成验证码
package org.example.utils;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* 生成验证码工具类
*/
public class CheckCodeUtil {
public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
private static Random random = new Random();
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("D:\\a.jpg");
String s = outputVerifyImage(100, 50, os, 4);
}
/**
* 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值(一般传入输出流,响应response页面端,Web项目用的较多)
*
* @param w 图片宽度
* @param h 图片高度
* @param os 输出流
* @param verifySize 验证码长度
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException {
String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
return verifyCode;
}
/**
* 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
*
* @param verifySize 验证码长度
* @return
*/
public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize) {
return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
}
/**
* 使用指定源生成验证码
*
* @param verifySize 验证码长度
* @param sources 验证码字符源
* @return
*/
public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources) {
// 未设定展示源的字码,赋默认值大写字母+数字
if (sources == null || sources.length() == 0) {
sources = VERIFY_CODES;
}
int codesLen = sources.length();
Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen - 1)));
}
return verifyCode.toString();
}
/**
* 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值 (生成图片形式,用的较少)
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param outputFile
* @param verifySize
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException {
String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
return verifyCode;
}
/**
* 生成指定验证码图像文件
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param outputFile
* @param code
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException {
if (outputFile == null) {
return;
}
File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
//文件不存在
if (!dir.exists()) {
//创建
dir.mkdirs();
}
try {
outputFile.createNewFile();
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
fos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw e;
}
}
/**
* 输出指定验证码图片流
*
* @param w
* @param h
* @param os
* @param code
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException {
int verifySize = code.length();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Random rand = new Random();
Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
// 创建颜色集合,使用java.awt包下的类
Color[] colors = new Color[5];
Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[]{Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,
Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW};
float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
}
Arrays.sort(fractions);
// 设置边框色
g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);
g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
// 设置背景色
g2.setColor(c);
g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h - 4);
// 绘制干扰线
Random random = new Random();
// 设置线条的颜色
g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
}
// 添加噪点
// 噪声率
float yawpRate = 0.05f;
int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(w);
int y = random.nextInt(h);
// 获取随机颜色
int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
}
// 添加图片扭曲
shear(g2, w, h, c);
g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
int fontSize = h - 4;
Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
g2.setFont(font);
char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize / 2, h / 2);
g2.setTransform(affine);
g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w - 10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h / 2 + fontSize / 2 - 10);
}
g2.dispose();
ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
}
/**
* 随机颜色
*
* @param fc
* @param bc
* @return
*/
private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
if (fc > 255) {
fc = 255;
}
if (bc > 255) {
bc = 255;
}
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
private static int getRandomIntColor() {
int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
int color = 0;
for (int c : rgb) {
color = color << 8;
color = color | c;
}
return color;
}
private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
int[] rgb = new int[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
}
return rgb;
}
private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
}
private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
int period = random.nextInt(2);
boolean borderGap = true;
int frames = 1;
int phase = random.nextInt(2);
for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
double d = (double) (period >> 1)
* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
+ (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
/ (double) frames);
g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
if (borderGap) {
g.setColor(color);
g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
}
}
}
private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
boolean borderGap = true;
int frames = 20;
int phase = 7;
for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
double d = (double) (period >> 1)
* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
+ (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
/ (double) frames);
g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
if (borderGap) {
g.setColor(color);
g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
}
}
}
}
总结
前端功能主要靠jsp来实现,在每一次请求都会携带一定的数据,后端主要编写三层架构的东西,先写持久层相关Sql语句和Mapper代理的接口功能,然后写业务层相关的连接数据库并具体到某一功能,调用相应的持久层的方法,控制层接收jsp页面的参数,并调用业务层的方法实现功能,返回到jsp页面中(控制层中主要负责request和response返回参数)。