getCacheDir()方法用于获取/data/data/<application package>/cache目录
getFilesDir()方法用于获取/data/data/<application package>/files目录
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应用程序一般把数据保存在SDcard。
当应用被卸载时,数据也想一起被清掉,就应该使用一下地址:
Context.getExternalFilesDir() 取到 SDCard/Android/data/你的应用的包名/files/ ,一般放一些长时间保存的数据
Context.getExternalCacheDir() 取到 SDCard/Android/data/你的应用包名/cache/,一般存放临时缓存数据
而且上面二个目录分别对应 设置->应用->应用详情里面的”清除数据“与”清除缓存“选项
如果要保存下载的内容,就不要放在以上目录下
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一般会写一个缓存策略,如下所示:
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public String getDiskCacheDir(Context context){ String cachePath = null; //Environment.getExtemalStorageState() 获取SDcard的状态 //Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED 手机装有SDCard,并且可以进行读写 if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState()) || !Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()){ cachePath = context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath(); }else{ cachePath = context.getCacheDir().getPath(); } return cachePath; }
可以看到,当SD卡存在或者SD卡不可被移除的时候,就调用getExternalCacheDir()方法来获取缓存路径,
否则就调用getCacheDir()方法来获取缓存路径。
其他路径汇总:
/*********************** Environment **************************/ Log.i(TAG, "Environment.getDataDirectory() : " + Environment.getDataDirectory()); Log.i(TAG, "Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory() : " + Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory()); Log.i(TAG, "Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() : " + Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()); Log.i(TAG, "Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(\"test\") : " + Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory("test")); Log.i(TAG, "Environment.getRootDirectory() : " + Environment.getRootDirectory()); /************************ Context ***********************************/ Log.i(TAG, "getPackageCodePath() : " + getPackageCodePath()); Log.i(TAG, "getPackageResourcePath() : " + getPackageResourcePath()); Log.i(TAG, "getCacheDir() : " + getCacheDir()); Log.i(TAG, "getDatabasePath(\"test\") : " + getDatabasePath("test")); if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.N){ Log.i(TAG, "getDataDir() : " + getDataDir()); } Log.i(TAG, "getDir(null, Context.MODE_PRIVATE) : " + getDir(null, Context.MODE_PRIVATE)); Log.i(TAG, "getFilesDir() : " + getFilesDir()); Log.i(TAG, "getExternalCacheDir() : " + getExternalCacheDir()); Log.i(TAG, "getExternalFilesDir(null) : " + getExternalFilesDir(null)); Log.i(TAG, "getExternalFilesDir(\"test\") : " + getExternalFilesDir("test"));
文件的新建和读写:
File saveFile=new File("/sdcard/zhzhg.txt");
或:File sdCardDir=new File("/sdcard");//获取SD卡目录
File saveFile=new File(sdCardDir,"zhzhg.txt");
FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(saveFile);
outStream.write("文件的读写".getBytes());
outStream.close();