什么是命令模式呢?
将一个请求封装会一个对象,从而使你可用不同的请求对客户进行参数化;对请求排队或记录请求日志,以及支持可撤销的操作。
有何好处呢?
1 它能较容易地设计一个命令队列;
2 在需要的情况下,可以较容易地将命令记入日志;
3 允许接收请求的一方决定是否要否决请求;
4 可以较容易地实现撤销和重做;
5 由于增加进新具体命令类不影响其它的类,因此增加新的具体命令类很容易;
6 把请求一个操作的对象 与知道 怎么执行一 个操作的对象分割开。
下面是具体的命令模式框架:
1 下面是抽象类及相应的执行者类:
1.1 Barbecuer.java
package com.ops.command;
public class Barbecuer {
public void bakeMutton() {
System.out.println("烤羊肉串");
}
public void bakeChickenWing() {
System.out.println("烤鸡翅");
}
}
1.2 Command.java
package com.ops.command;
public abstract class Command {
protected Barbecuer receiver = null;
public Command(Barbecuer receiver) {
this.receiver = receiver;
}
abstract public void executeCommand();
}
2 下面是相应的实现类及
2.1 BakeChickenWingCommand.java
package com.ops.command.base;
import com.ops.command.Barbecuer;
import com.ops.command.Command;
public class BakeChickenWingCommand extends Command {
public BakeChickenWingCommand(Barbecuer receiver) {
super(receiver);
}
@Override
public
void executeCommand() {
this.receiver.bakeChickenWing();
}
}
2.2 BakeMuttonCommand.java
package com.ops.command.base;
import com.ops.command.Barbecuer;
import com.ops.command.Command;
public class BakeMuttonCommand extends Command {
public BakeMuttonCommand(Barbecuer receiver) {
super(receiver);
}
@Override
public
void executeCommand() {
this.receiver.bakeMutton();
}
}
2.3 Waiter.java
package com.ops.command.base;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.ops.command.Command;
public class Waiter {
private List<Command> orders = new ArrayList<Command>();
public void addOrder(Command order) {
orders.add(order);
}
public void cancelOrder(Command order) {
orders.remove(order);
}
public void notifyOrder() {
for(Command command : orders) {
command.executeCommand();
}
}
}
3 调用客户端代码
CommandClient.java
package com.ops.command.main;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.ops.command.Barbecuer;
import com.ops.command.base.BakeChickenWingCommand;
import com.ops.command.base.BakeMuttonCommand;
import com.ops.command.base.Waiter;
public class CommandClient {
@Test
public void test() {
Barbecuer receiver = new Barbecuer();
BakeChickenWingCommand bakeChicken1 = new BakeChickenWingCommand(receiver);
BakeChickenWingCommand bakeChicken2 = new BakeChickenWingCommand(receiver);
BakeMuttonCommand bakeMutton = new BakeMuttonCommand(receiver);
Waiter girl = new Waiter();
girl.addOrder(bakeChicken1);
girl.addOrder(bakeChicken2);
girl.addOrder(bakeMutton);
//不要第二串鸡翅
girl.cancelOrder(bakeChicken2);
girl.notifyOrder();
}
}