指定项目默认的 settings.py 配置文件
如果环境变量中存在名称为 DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE 的变量,则该变量的值为项目的配置文件
在 pycharm 中设置环境变量
或者在项目的 wsgi.py 中设置
# 或者在项目的 wsgi.py 中设置
import os
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
# 指定默认的配置文件为:imooc.settings
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "imooc.settings")
application = get_wsgi_application()
设置在 xadmin 后台显示的 app 的名称,可在 app 的 apps.py 文件中设置
例如,在 users 的 apps.py 中设置
from django.apps import AppConfig
class UsersConfig(AppConfig):
name = 'users'
verbose_name = '用户信息'
# 相应地,在其他 app 的 apps.py 中也设置
from django.apps import AppConfig
class CoursesConfig(AppConfig):
name = 'courses'
verbose_name = '课程管理'
结果:
让用户可以用邮箱登录
#setting 里要有对应的配置
class CustomBackend(ModelBackend):
def authenticate(self, username=None, password=None, **kwargs):
try:
# Q 查询
user = UserProfile.objects.get(Q(username = username) | Q(email=username))
if user.check_password(password):
return user
except Exception as e:
return None
后台过滤数据
# adminx.py 中配置,course 过滤掉轮播的课程
class CourseAdmin:
list_display = ['name', 'desc', 'detail', 'degree', 'learn_times', 'students', 'fav_nums',
'click_nums', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['name', 'desc', 'detail', 'degree', 'learn_times', 'students', 'fav_nums',
'click_nums']
list_filter = ['name', 'desc', 'detail', 'degree', 'learn_times', 'students', 'fav_nums', 'click_nums', 'add_time']
ordering = ['-click_nums']
# readonly_fields 和 exclude 的字段不要重复,否则会冲突
readonly_fields = ['click_nums']
exclude = ['fav_nums']
#Inline # 添加课程的时候可以顺便添加章节、课程资源
inlines = [LessonInline, CourseResourceInline]
#重新在这里写一遍的原因是,避免数据重复
def queryset(self):
qs = super(CourseAdmin, self).queryset()
qs = qs.filter(is_banner=False)
return qs
课程搜索 - Q 查询
#课程搜索
search_keywords = request.GET.get('keywords', '')
if search_keywords:
all_courses = all_courses.filter(
Q(name__icontains=search_keywords) |
Q(desc__icontains=search_keywords) |
Q(detail__icontains=search_keywords)
)
得出学过该课程的同学还学过的课程
# 复杂的查询
user_courses = UserCourse.objects.filter(course=course)
user_ids = [user_course.user.id for user_course in user_courses]
all_user_courses = UserCourse.objects.filter(user_id__in=user_ids)
course_ids = [user_course.course.id for user_course in all_user_courses]
表单字段自定义验证规则
# 当然有很多框架提供的验证器
class UserAskForm(forms.ModelForm):
# 还可以新增字段
# price = forms.CharField(required=True, min_length=2, max_length=20)
class Meta:
model = UserAsk
fields = ['name', 'mobile', 'course_name']
# def clean_name(self):
# def clean_course_name(self):
def clean_mobile(self):
# 手机号验证
mobile = self.cleaned_data['mobile']
p = re.compile('^0\d{2,3}\d{7,8}$|^1[358]\d{9}$|^147\d{8}')
if p.match(mobile):
# 这里还能返回外键
return mobile
raise forms.ValidationError('手机号码格式不对', code='mobile_inval')
发送邮件
from random import Random
import string
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from users.models import EmailVerifyRecord
from imooc.settings import EMAIL_FROM
def send_register_email(email, send_type='register'):
email_record = EmailVerifyRecord()
code = random_str(16)
email_record.code = code
email_record.email = email
email_record.send_type = send_type
email_record.save()
if send_type == 'register':
email_title = '慕学在线网注册激活链接'
# http://118.89.105.65 是我自己的服务器 IP 地址,你部署的时候,请换成你自己的 IP 或 域名
email_body = '请点击下面的链接激活你的账号:http://127.0.0.1:8000/active/{0}(如果是线上环境,请把 http://127.0.0.1:8000 替换成 http://118.89.105.65 )'.format(code)
send_status = send_mail(email_title, email_body, EMAIL_FROM, [email])
if send_status:
# TODO
print('发送成功')
elif send_type == 'forget':
email_title = '慕雪在线网密码重置链接'
email_body = '请点击下面的链接重置你的密码:http://127.0.0.1:8000/reset/{0}(如果是线上环境,请把 http://127.0.0.1:8000 替换成 http://118.89.105.65 )'.format(code)
send_status = send_mail(email_title, email_body, EMAIL_FROM, [email])
if send_status:
# TODO 提示发送成功
pass
def random_str(random_length=16):
code = ''
# 26个大小写字母加数字
chars = string.ascii_letters + str(string.digits)
length = len(chars) - 1
for i in range(random_length):
code += chars[Random().randint(0, length)]
return code
参考:高仿慕课网:py3.5 + Django1.10 + xadmin 搭建的在线课程教育平台
https://github.com/zaxlct/imooc-django