C++ 网络编程跨平台简易客户端面向对象实现

客户端主函数

主函数声明了一个EasyTcpClient对象，这个对象封装了连接服务器和Select接收服务器消息的功能，启动了一个子线程，这个子线程的作用是从终端读取命令，然后发送给服务器。

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include "EasyTcpClient.hpp"
#include <thread>

void cmdThread(EasyTcpClient *client)
{
	while (true) {
		char cmdBuf[256] = {};
		scanf("%s", cmdBuf);
		if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "exit")) {
			client->Close();
			printf("退出cmdThread线程\n");
			break;
		}
		else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "login")) {
			Login login;
			strcpy(login.userName, "lyd");
			strcpy(login.PassWord, "lydmm");
			client->SendData(&login);
		}
		else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "logout")) {
			Login logout;
			strcpy(logout.userName, "lyd");
			client->SendData(&logout);
		}
		else
			printf("不支持的命令。 \n");
	}
}

int main()
{
	
	EasyTcpClient client;
	client.initSocket();
	client.Connect("192.168.95.1", 9527);
	std::thread t1(cmdThread, &client);
	t1.detach();   // 线程分离

	while (client.isRun()) {
		client.OnRun();
		// printf("空闲时间处理其他业务...\n");
		// Sleep(1000);
	}
	client.Close();

	printf("已退出。 \n");
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

EasyTcpClient.hpp

#pragma once
#ifdef _WIN32
  #include <windows.h>
  #include <WinSock2.h>
#else
  #include<unistd.h>
  #include<arpa/inet.h>
  #include<string.h>

  #define SOCKET int
  #define INVALID_SOCKET (SOCKET)(~0)
  #define SOCKET_ERROR           (-1)
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include "MessageHeader.hpp"

class EasyTcpClient
{
	SOCKET _sock;
public:
	EasyTcpClient() {
		_sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
	}

	virtual ~EasyTcpClient() {
		Close();
	}

	// 初始化socket
	void initSocket() {
		// 启动Windows socket 2.x环境
#ifdef _WIN32
		WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
		WSADATA dat;
		WSAStartup(ver, &dat);
#endif
		//----------------
		// 建立一个socket
		if (INVALID_SOCKET != _sock) {
			printf("<sock=%d>关闭之前的连接...\n", _sock);
			Close();
		}

		_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
		if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock)
			printf("错误,创建Socket失败...\n");
		else
			printf("建立Socket成功...\n");
		
	}

	// 连接服务器
	int Connect(const char* ip, unsigned short port) {
		if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock) {
			initSocket();
		}
		// 连接服务器 connect
		sockaddr_in _sin = {};
		_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
		_sin.sin_port = htons(port);
#ifdef _WIN32
		_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(ip);
#else
		_sin.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
#endif
		int ret = connect(_sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
		if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
			printf("连接服务器错误...\n");
		else
			printf("连接服务器成功...\n");

		return ret;
	}

	void Close() {
		if (_sock != INVALID_SOCKET) {
#ifdef _WIN32
			closesocket(_sock);
			WSACleanup();
#else
			close(_sock);
#endif
			_sock = INVALID_SOCKET;
		}
	}

	// 发送数据
    // 接受数据
	// 处理网络消息
	bool OnRun() {
		if (isRun()) {
			fd_set fdReads;
			FD_ZERO(&fdReads);
			FD_SET(_sock, &fdReads);
			timeval t = { 1,0 };
			int ret = select(_sock + 1, &fdReads, 0, 0, &t);
			if (ret < 0) {
				printf("<socket=%d>select任务结束\n", _sock);
				return false;
			}
			if (FD_ISSET(_sock, &fdReads)) {
				FD_CLR(_sock, &fdReads);
				if (-1 == RecvData(_sock)) {
					printf("<socket=%d>select任务结束2\n", _sock);
					return false;
				}
			}
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	bool isRun() {
		return _sock != INVALID_SOCKET;
	}

	// 接受数据，处理粘包，拆分包
	int RecvData(SOCKET _cSock)
	{
		// 缓冲区
		char szRecv[4096] = {};
		int nLen = recv(_cSock, (char*)&szRecv, sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		DataHeader* header = (DataHeader*)szRecv;
		if (nLen <= 0) {
			printf("与服务器断开连接，任务结束。\n");
			return -1;
		}
		// 处理请求
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		OnNetMsg(header);
		return 0;
	}

	// 响应网络
	void OnNetMsg(DataHeader* header) {
		switch (header->cmd) {
		case CMD_LOGIN_RESULT: {
			
			LoginResult* login = (LoginResult*)header;
			printf("收到服务端消息:CMD_LOGIN_RESULT,数据长度:%d\n",header->dataLength);
		}
	    break;
		case CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT: {
			LogOutResult* logout = (LogOutResult*)header;
			printf("收到服务端消息:CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT,数据长度:%d\n",header->dataLength);
		}
		break;
		case CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN: {
			NewUserJoin* userJoin = (NewUserJoin*)header;
			printf("收到服务端消息:CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN,数据长度:%d\n", header->dataLength);
		}
		break;
		}
	}

	// 发送数据
	int SendData(DataHeader* header) {
		if(isRun()&&header)
			send(_sock, (const char*)header, header->dataLength, 0);
		return SOCKET_ERROR;
	}


};

最后是一个协议结构体函数 

#ifndef _MessageHeader_hpp_
#define _MessageHeader_hpp_
enum CMD {
	CMD_LOGIN,
	CMD_LOGIN_RESULT,
	CMD_LOGOUT,
	CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT,
	CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN,
	CMD_ERROR,

};

// 消息头
struct DataHeader {
	short dataLength;
	short cmd;
};


struct Login :public DataHeader {

	Login() {

		dataLength = sizeof(Login);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN;
	}
	char userName[32];
	char PassWord[32];
};

struct LoginResult : public DataHeader {

	LoginResult() {
		dataLength = sizeof(LoginResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;

};

struct Logout :public DataHeader {

	Logout() {
		dataLength = sizeof(Logout);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT;
	}
	char userName[32];
};

struct LogOutResult :public DataHeader {

	LogOutResult() {
		dataLength = sizeof(LogOutResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;
};

struct NewUserJoin :public DataHeader
{
	NewUserJoin() {
		dataLength = sizeof(NewUserJoin);
		cmd = CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN;
		sock = 0;
	}
	int sock;
};

#endif