webbench源码剖析

1. Webbench能测试处在相同硬件上，不同服务的性能以及不同硬件上同一个服务的运行状况。webbench的标准测试可以向我们展示服务器的两项内容：每秒钟相应请求数和每秒钟传输数据量。

2. Webbench最多可以模拟3万个并发连接去测试网站的负载能力。

 

3. Webbench 的使用方法

源代码安装的过程# yum install -y gcc ctags                                  // yum CentOS 包管理管局
# wget http://www.ha97.com/code/webbench-1.5.tar.gz             // wget linux 下载命令
# tar zxvf webbench-1.5.tar.gz                                                       // 解压压缩包
# cd webbench-1.5
# make                                                                                              // 编译
# make install                                                                                   // 安装

webbench -c 10 -t 10 http://test.domain.com/phpinfo.php
webbench -c 并发数 -t 运行测试时间 URL

 

webbench的主程序开始是从终端读取命令行，并解析，程序中有一段help

/* help 信息 */
static void usage(void)
{
   fprintf(stderr,
	"webbench [option]... URL\n"
	"  -f|--force               Don't wait for reply from server.\n"
	"  -r|--reload              Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.\n"
	"  -t|--time <sec>          Run benchmark for <sec> seconds. Default 30.\n"
	"  -p|--proxy <server:port> Use proxy server for request.\n"
	"  -c|--clients <n>         Run <n> HTTP clients at once. Default one.\n"
	"  -9|--http09              Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.\n"
	"  -1|--http10              Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.\n"
	"  -2|--http11              Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.\n"
	"  --get                    Use GET request method.\n"
	"  --head                   Use HEAD request method.\n"
	"  --options                Use OPTIONS request method.\n"
	"  --trace                  Use TRACE request method.\n"
	"  -?|-h|--help             This information.\n"
	"  -V|--version             Display program version.\n"
	);
};

主函数进去，开始都是在解析命令行参数，输入的参数在全局变量里，有以下几个

/* values */
volatile int timerexpired = 0;
int speed = 0;
int failed = 0;
int bytes = 0;

/* globals */
int http10 = 1; /* 0 - http/0.9, 1 - http/1.0, 2 - http/1.1 */

/* Allow: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE */
#define METHOD_GET 0
#define METHOD_HEAD 1
#define METHOD_OPTIONS 2
#define METHOD_TRACE 3
#define PROGRAM_VERSION "1.5"

/* 默认设置 */
int method = METHOD_GET; /* GET 方式 */
int clients = 1; /* 只模拟一个客户端 */
int force = 0; /* 等待响应 */
int force_reload = 0; /* 失败时重新请求 */
int proxyport = 80; /* 访问端口 */
char *proxyhost = NULL; /* 代理服务器 */
int benchtime = 30; /* 模拟请求时间 */

/* internal */
int mypipe[2]; /* 管道 */
char host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; /* 网络地址 */
#define REQUEST_SIZE 2048
char request[REQUEST_SIZE]; /* 请求 */

static const struct option long_options[]=
{
    {"force",no_argument,&force,1},
    {"reload",no_argument,&force_reload,1},
    {"time",required_argument,NULL,'t'},
    {"help",no_argument,NULL,'?'},
    {"http09",no_argument,NULL,'9'},
    {"http10",no_argument,NULL,'1'},
    {"http11",no_argument,NULL,'2'},
    {"get",no_argument,&method,METHOD_GET},
    {"head",no_argument,&method,METHOD_HEAD},
    {"options",no_argument,&method,METHOD_OPTIONS},
    {"trace",no_argument,&method,METHOD_TRACE},
    {"version",no_argument,NULL,'V'},
    {"proxy",required_argument,NULL,'p'},
    {"clients",required_argument,NULL,'c'},
    {NULL,0,NULL,0}
};

主要是一大堆HTTP协议参数

主函数解析完参数后，调用了bench函数，下面是这个函数的主逻辑

/* vraci system rc error kod */
static int bench(void)
{
    int i,j,k;
    pid_t pid = 0;
    FILE *f;

    /* 作为测试地址是否合法 */
    /* check avaibility of target server */
    i = Socket(proxyhost == NULL?host:proxyhost, proxyport);
    if(i < 0){
        fprintf(stderr,"\nConnect to server failed. Aborting benchmark.\n");
        return 1;
    }
    close(i);

    /* 建立管道 */
    /* create pipe */
    if(pipe(mypipe))
    {
        perror("pipe failed.");
        return 3;
    }

    /* not needed, since we have alarm() in childrens */
    /* wait 4 next system clock tick */
    /*
     * cas=time(NULL);
     * while(time(NULL)==cas)
     * sched_yield();
     * */

    /* 派生子进程 */
    /* fork childs */
    for(i = 0;i < clients;i++)
    {
        pid = fork();
        if(pid <= (pid_t)0)
        {
            /* child process or error*/
            sleep(1); /* make childs faster */
            break; /* 子进程立刻跳出循环，要不就子进程继续 fork 了 */
        }
    }

    if( pid < (pid_t)0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"problems forking worker no. %d\n",i);
        perror("fork failed.");
        return 3;
    }

    if(pid == (pid_t)0)
    {
        /* 子进程发出实际请求 */
        /* I am a child */
        if(proxyhost == NULL)
            benchcore(host,proxyport,request);
        else
            benchcore(proxyhost,proxyport,request);

        /* 打开管道写 */
        /* write results to pipe */
        f = fdopen(mypipe[1],"w");
        if(f == NULL)
        {
            perror("open pipe for writing failed.");
            return 3;
        }

        /* fprintf(stderr,"Child - %d %d\n",speed,failed); */
        fprintf(f,"%d %d %d\n",speed,failed,bytes);
        fclose(f);

        return 0;

    } else {
        /* 父进程打开管道读 */
        f = fdopen(mypipe[0],"r");
        if(f == NULL)
        {
            perror("open pipe for reading failed.");
            return 3;
        }

        setvbuf(f,NULL,_IONBF,0);
        speed = 0; /* 传输速度 */
        failed = 0; /* 失败请求数 */
        bytes = 0; /* 传输字节数 */

        while(1)
        {
            pid = fscanf(f,"%d %d %d",&i,&j,&k);
            if(pid<2)
            {
                fprintf(stderr,"Some of our childrens died.\n");
                break;
            }
            speed += i;
            failed += j;
            bytes += k;
            /* fprintf(stderr,"*Knock* %d %d read=%d\n",speed,failed,pid); */
            /* 子进程是否读取完 */
            if(--clients == 0) break;
        }
        fclose(f);

        /* 结果计算 */
        printf("\nSpeed=%d pages/min, %d bytes/sec.\nRequests: %d susceed, %d failed.\n",
                (int)((speed+failed)/(benchtime/60.0f)),
                (int)(bytes/(float)benchtime),
                speed,
                failed);
    }
    return i;
}

可以看到，这个函数的作用是父进程建立子进程并发访问服务器，然后通过管道将数据传给父进程汇总，统计。

void benchcore(const char *host,const int port,const char *req)
{
    int rlen;
    char buf[1500];
    int s,i;
    struct sigaction sa;

    /*安装信号 */
    /* setup alarm signal handler */
    sa.sa_handler = alarm_handler;
    sa.sa_flags = 0;
    if(sigaction(SIGALRM,&sa,NULL))
        exit(3);

    /* 设置闹钟函数 */
    alarm(benchtime);

    rlen = strlen(req);

nexttry:
    while(1){
        /* 收到信号则 timerexpired = 1 */
        if(timerexpired)
        {
            if(failed > 0)
            {
                /* fprintf(stderr,"Correcting failed by signal\n"); */
                failed--;
            }
            return;
        }
        /* 建立 socket, 进行 HTTP 请求 */
        s = Socket(host,port);
        if(s < 0)
        {
            failed++;
            continue;
        }
        if(rlen!=write(s,req,rlen))
        {
            failed++;
            close(s);
            continue;
        }
        /* HTTP 0.9 的处理 */
        if(http10==0)
            /* 如果关闭不成功 */
            if(shutdown(s,1))
            {
                failed++;
                close(s);
                continue;
            }

        /* -f 选项时不读取服务器回复 */
        if(force == 0)
        {
            /* read all available data from socket */
            while(1)
            {
                if(timerexpired) break;
                i = read(s,buf,1500);
                /* fprintf(stderr,"%d\n",i); */
                if(i<0)
                {
                    failed++;
                    close(s);
                    goto nexttry;
                }
                else
                    if(i == 0) break;
                    else bytes+=i;
            }
        }
        if(close(s))
        {
            failed++;
            continue;
        }
        speed++;
    }
}

这个就是子进程建立连接的函数，其中连接建立全部封装在Socket中。