Golang Web基础

Web服务器的底层原理，在前面的linux C编程中已经涉及到。

Go语言直接封装了相应的实现，所以可以很容易的起一个Web服务器。

package main

import (
	"io"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

func sayHello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "Hello world, this is version 1")
}

func main() {
	// 设置路由
	http.HandleFunc("/", sayHello)
	err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

这里隐藏一个默认的控制器

package main

import (
	"io"
	"log"
	"net/http"
)

type myHandler struct{}

func (*myHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "URL: "+r.URL.String())
}

func sayHello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "Hello world, this is version 2")
}

func main() {

	mux := http.NewServeMux()
	mux.Handle("/", &myHandler{})
	mux.HandleFunc("/hello", sayHello)
	err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}

}

最底层的封装

package main

import (
	"io"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"time"
)

type myHandler struct{}

func (*myHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "URL: "+r.URL.String())
	if h, ok := mux[r.URL.String()]; ok {
		h(w, r)
		return
	}
}

func sayHello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "Hello world, this is version 3")
}

func sayBye(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	io.WriteString(w, "Bye Bye, this is version 3")
}

var mux map[string]func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)

func main() {
	server := http.Server{
		Addr:        ":8080",
		Handler:     &myHandler{},
		ReadTimeout: 5 * time.Second,
	}
	mux = make(map[string]func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request))
	mux["/hello"] = sayHello
	mux["/bye"] = sayBye
	err := server.ListenAndServe()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}