程序设计与算法（三）C++面向对象程序设计 第三周习题讲解

001:返回什么才好呢

这道题目考察this指针的使用，以及默认赋值函数

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A {
public:
	int val;

	A(int n):val(n) {}
	A() :val(123) {};
	A& GetObj() {
		return *this;
	}
};
int main()
{
	int m, n;
	A a;
	cout << a.val << endl;
	while (cin >> m >> n) {
		a.GetObj() = m;                   // 赋值重载默认
		cout << a.val << endl;
		a.GetObj() = A(n);                // 赋值重载默认
		cout << a.val << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

002:Big & Base 封闭类问题

考察组合这种设计方式，记得初始化的时候调用里面类的构造函数

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Base {
public:
	int k;
	Base(int n) :k(n) { }
};
class Big
{
public:
	int v;
	Base b;
	// 在此处补充你的代码
	Big(int n) :v(n), b(n){}
};
int main()
{
	int n;
	while (cin >> n) {
		Big a1(n);
		Big a2 = a1;
		cout << a1.v << "," << a1.b.k << endl;
		cout << a2.v << "," << a2.b.k << endl;
	}
}

003:编程填空：统计动物数量

考察继承，静态函数，多态，特别经典的题目

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// 在此处补充你的代码
class Animal {
public:
	static int number;
	Animal() {
		number++;
	}
	virtual ~Animal() {
		number--;
	}
};
int Animal::number= 0;

class Dog:public Animal {
public:
	static int number;
	Dog() {
		number++;
	}
	~Dog() {
		number--;
	}
};

int Dog::number = 0;

class Cat :public Animal {
public:
	static int number;
	Cat() {
		number++;
	}
	~Cat() {
		number--;
	}
};

int Cat::number = 0;



void print() {
	cout << Animal::number << " animals in the zoo, " << Dog::number << " of them are dogs, " << Cat::number << " of them are cats" << endl;
}

int main() {
	print();
	Dog d1, d2;
	Cat c1;
	print();
	Dog* d3 = new Dog();
	Animal* c2 = new Cat;
	Cat* c3 = new Cat;
	print();
	delete c3;
	delete c2;
	delete d3;
	print();
}

004:这个指针哪来的

考察const关键字和this指针

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct A
{
	int v;
	A(int vv) :v(vv) { }
	// 在此处补充你的代码
	const A* getPointer() const{
		return this;
	}
};

int main()
{
	const A a(10);
	const A* p = a.getPointer();
	cout << p->v << endl;
	return 0;
}