TTCP程序源码剖析

1、ttcp作用：检测TCP吞吐量

测试的数据是每秒传输的字节数

带宽 Mb/s
测试程序的性能指标： 传输带宽，QPS/TPS， 以及 CPU利用率，延迟等等。

2、ttcp应用层协议：

3. 尝试自己用C语言写出简单的TTCP程序

 

先发送一个SessionMessage包中number表示消息的条数，length表示每条消息的长度

PayloadMessage包中存放数据的长度和数据

 

服务端接收函数

void receive(const Options& opt)
{
  int sockfd = acceptOrDie(opt.port);

  struct SessionMessage sessionMessage = { 0, 0 };
  if (read_n(sockfd, &sessionMessage, sizeof(sessionMessage)) != sizeof(sessionMessage))
  {
    perror("read SessionMessage");
    exit(1);
  }

  sessionMessage.number = ntohl(sessionMessage.number);
  sessionMessage.length = ntohl(sessionMessage.length);
  printf("receive number = %d\nreceive length = %d\n",
         sessionMessage.number, sessionMessage.length);
  const int total_len = static_cast<int>(sizeof(int32_t) + sessionMessage.length);
  PayloadMessage* payload = static_cast<PayloadMessage*>(::malloc(total_len));
  assert(payload);

  for (int i = 0; i < sessionMessage.number; ++i)
  {
    payload->length = 0;
    if (read_n(sockfd, &payload->length, sizeof(payload->length)) != sizeof(payload->length))
    {
      perror("read length");
      exit(1);
    }
    payload->length = ntohl(payload->length);
    assert(payload->length == sessionMessage.length);
    if (read_n(sockfd, payload->data, payload->length) != payload->length)
    {
      perror("read payload data");
      exit(1);
    }
    int32_t ack = htonl(payload->length);
    if (write_n(sockfd, &ack, sizeof(ack)) != sizeof(ack))
    {
      perror("write ack");
      exit(1);
    }
  }
  ::free(payload);
  ::close(sockfd);
}

先看传入的对象，封装了端口等信息

struct Options
{
  uint16_t port;
  int length;
  int number;
  bool transmit, receive, nodelay;
  std::string host;
  Options()
    : port(0), length(0), number(0),
      transmit(false), receive(false), nodelay(false)
  {
  }
};

接收一个TCP连接 

int sockfd = acceptOrDie(opt.port);

处理第一个包

这个结构体就是发送的消息数，和每条消息的长度，收到数据后，要转换一下字节序

struct SessionMessage
{
  int32_t number;
  int32_t length;
} __attribute__ ((__packed__));

struct SessionMessage sessionMessage = { 0, 0 };
  if (read_n(sockfd, &sessionMessage, sizeof(sessionMessage)) != sizeof(sessionMessage))
  {
    perror("read SessionMessage");
    exit(1);
  }

  sessionMessage.number = ntohl(sessionMessage.number);
  sessionMessage.length = ntohl(sessionMessage.length);
  printf("receive number = %d\nreceive length = %d\n",
         sessionMessage.number, sessionMessage.length);

看看read_n 函数，读n个字节数据

static int read_n(int sockfd, void* buf, int length)
{
  int nread = 0;
  while (nread < length)
  {
    ssize_t nr = ::read(sockfd, static_cast<char*>(buf) + nread, length - nread);
    if (nr > 0)
    {
      nread += static_cast<int>(nr);
    }
    else if (nr == 0)
    {
      break;  // EOF
    }
    else if (errno != EINTR)
    {
      perror("read");
      break;
    }
  }
  return nread;
}

读完第一个包信息后，生成第二个包的结构体

  const int total_len = static_cast<int>(sizeof(int32_t) + sessionMessage.length);
  PayloadMessage* payload = static_cast<PayloadMessage*>(::malloc(total_len));

这里使用了static_cast代替C风格的强转
然后读取多条数据

先看数据包结构体的定义

struct PayloadMessage
{
  int32_t length;
  char data[0];
};

 for (int i = 0; i < sessionMessage.number; ++i)
  {
    payload->length = 0;
    if (read_n(sockfd, &payload->length, sizeof(payload->length)) != sizeof(payload->length))
    {
      perror("read length");
      exit(1);
    }
    payload->length = ntohl(payload->length);
    assert(payload->length == sessionMessage.length);
    if (read_n(sockfd, payload->data, payload->length) != payload->length)
    {
      perror("read payload data");
      exit(1);
    }
    int32_t ack = htonl(payload->length);
    if (write_n(sockfd, &ack, sizeof(ack)) != sizeof(ack))
    {
      perror("write ack");
      exit(1);
    }
  }
  ::free(payload);
  ::close(sockfd);

发送一条确认消息函数，完整写n个字节

static int write_n(int sockfd, const void* buf, int length)
{
  int written = 0;
  while (written < length)
  {
    ssize_t nw = ::write(sockfd, static_cast<const char*>(buf) + written, length - written);
    if (nw > 0)
    {
      written += static_cast<int>(nw);
    }
    else if (nw == 0)
    {
      break;  // EOF
    }
    else if (errno != EINTR)
    {
      perror("write");
      break;
    }
  }
  return written;
}

客户端代码

客户端的逻辑就是连接客户端，按照规定的应用层协议发送数据

void transmit(const Options& opt)
{
  InetAddress addr(opt.port);
  if (!InetAddress::resolve(opt.host.c_str(), &addr))
  {
    printf("Unable to resolve %s\n", opt.host.c_str());
    return;
  }

  printf("connecting to %s\n", addr.toIpPort().c_str());
  TcpStreamPtr stream(TcpStream::connect(addr));
  if (!stream)
  {
    printf("Unable to connect %s\n", addr.toIpPort().c_str());
    perror("");
    return;
  }

  if (opt.nodelay)
  {
    stream->setTcpNoDelay(true);
  }
  printf("connected\n");
  double start = now();
  struct SessionMessage sessionMessage = { 0, 0 };
  sessionMessage.number = htonl(opt.number);
  sessionMessage.length = htonl(opt.length);
  if (stream->sendAll(&sessionMessage, sizeof(sessionMessage)) != sizeof(sessionMessage))
  {
    perror("write SessionMessage");
    return;
  }

  const int total_len = sizeof(int32_t) + opt.length;
  PayloadMessage* payload = static_cast<PayloadMessage*>(::malloc(total_len));
  std::unique_ptr<PayloadMessage, void (*)(void*)> freeIt(payload, ::free);
  assert(payload);
  payload->length = htonl(opt.length);
  for (int i = 0; i < opt.length; ++i)
  {
    payload->data[i] = "0123456789ABCDEF"[i % 16];
  }

  double total_mb = 1.0 * opt.length * opt.number / 1024 / 1024;
  printf("%.3f MiB in total\n", total_mb);

  for (int i = 0; i < opt.number; ++i)
  {
    int nw = stream->sendAll(payload, total_len);
    assert(nw == total_len);

    int ack = 0;
    int nr = stream->receiveAll(&ack, sizeof(ack));
    assert(nr == sizeof(ack));
    ack = ntohl(ack);
    assert(ack == opt.length);
  }

  double elapsed = now() - start;
  printf("%.3f seconds\n%.3f MiB/s\n", elapsed, total_mb / elapsed);
}