python：Fastapi - 初识接口开发

前面文章聊了工程目录，如果掌握了前面一些列文章就可以进行简单的接口开发了。

后续文章主要是唠接口的开发和fastapi框架的进阶阶段，那么这次是开发了注册和登录两个接口

redis

/sc_app/redispy.py

import redis

__all__ = [
    "redispy"
]


class Redispy:
    def __init__(self):
        self._connect = redis.Redis(
            host="192.168.0.100", port=6379, db=0
        )

    def set_value(self, name: str, value: str, is_data: bool = False):
        """
        往redis写入数据
        :param name:
        :param value:
        :param is_data:
        :return:
        """
        if is_data:
            name = f"token:{name}"

        self._connect.set(name, value)

    def get_value(self, name: str, is_data: bool = False):
        """
        从redis获取value
        :param name:
        :param is_data:
        :return:
        """
        if is_data:
            name = f"token:{name}"

        return self._connect.get(name).decode('utf-8')

    def get_exists(self, name, is_data: bool = False):
        """
        判断redis中的key是否存在
        :param name:
        :param is_data:
        :return:
        """
        if is_data:
            name = f"token:{name}"
        return self._connect.exists(name)

    def __del__(self):
        self._connect.close()


redispy = Redispy()

模型

/sc_app/schemas/users/register.py

from pydantic import BaseModel


class BaseUser(BaseModel):
    username: str

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.username


class UserPwd(BaseUser):
    password: str

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.password


class User(BaseUser):
    id: int
    is_active: bool

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.id, self.is_active

    class Config:
        orm_mode = True

/sc_app/schemas/users/login.py

from pydantic import BaseModel


class BaseUser(BaseModel):
    username: str

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.username


class UserPwd(BaseUser):
    password: str

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.password


class UserToken(BaseUser):
    token: str

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.token

    class Config:
        orm_mode = True

上面两段代码是注册和登录的模型，当然我是区分开了，你也可以把一样的代码设置为公用。

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接口

/sc_app/routers/register.py

from fastapi import Depends
from fastapi import APIRouter
from fastapi import HTTPException
from sc_app.databases import get_db
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from sc_app.model import user_models
from sc_app.schemas.users.register import User, UserPwd


class DatabaseUser:
    def __init__(self, db: Session):
        self.db = db

    def get_user_username(self, *, username: str):
        return self.db.query(
            user_models.Users
        ).filter(user_models.Users.username == username).first()

    def register_user(self, *, user: UserPwd):
        fake_hashed_password = user.password + "notreallyhashed"
        db_user = user_models.Users(
            username=user.username, password=fake_hashed_password
        )
        self.db.add(db_user)
        self.db.commit()
        self.db.refresh(db_user)
        return db_user

    def __del__(self):
        self.db.close()


router = APIRouter(
    prefix="/user"
)


@router.post("/register/", response_model=User)
def api_register_user(user: UserPwd, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """
    学员注册接口
    :param user:
    :param db:
    :return:
    """
    connect = DatabaseUser(db)
    data = connect.get_user_username(username=user.username)

    if data:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=400,
            detail="Data does not exist or the name is duplicate !"
        )
    get_user = connect.register_user(user=user)

    return get_user

/sc_app/routers/login.py

import time
from fastapi import APIRouter
from sc_app.databases import get_db
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
from sc_app.model import user_models
from sc_app.redispy import redispy
from fastapi import HTTPException, Depends, status
from sc_app.schemas.users.login import UserPwd, UserToken


def create_access_token(data: dict):
    """
    生成token
    :param data:
    :return:
    """
    new_data = data.copy()
    new_data["token"] = "".join(str(time.time()).split("."))
    return new_data


def check_user(user: str, pwd: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """
    根据输入的用户信息，数据库查询比对账号和密码
    :param user:
    :param pwd:
    :param db:
    :return:
    """
    username, password = db.query(
        user_models.Users.username, user_models.Users.password
    ).filter(user_models.Users.username == user).first()

    return True if username == user and password == pwd else False


router = APIRouter(
    prefix="/user"
)


@router.post("/login/", response_model=UserToken)
def api_login_user(user: UserPwd, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    """
    登录接口
    :param user:
    :param db:
    :return:
    """

    #   如果返回False则抛出错误
    if not check_user(user.username, user.password, db):
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
            detail={
                "status": 0,
                "data": {},
                "error_msg": "Incorrect account or password",
                "error_code": 1000
            }
        )

    #   判断redis中key是否存在
    if not redispy.get_exists(user.username):
        #   创建token
        g_token = create_access_token(data={"user_info": user.username})
        token = g_token["token"]
        #   往redis中写入token
        redispy.set_value(user.username, token, is_data=True)
        return UserToken(token=token, username=user.username)

    #   从redis中读取token
    token = redispy.get_value(user.username, is_data=True)
    return UserToken(token=token, username=user.username)

启动并请求

/sc_app/main.py

import uvicorn
from fastapi import Depends
from fastapi import FastAPI
from sc_app.routers import register, login
from sc_app.dependencies import verify_token
from sc_app.dependencies import verify_x_token

app = FastAPI(dependencies=[Depends(verify_token)])
app.include_router(router=register.router, dependencies=[Depends(verify_x_token)])
app.include_router(router=login.router, dependencies=[Depends(verify_x_token)])


@app.get("/")
def index():
    """
    首页
    :return:
    """
    return {"message": "Welcome to the home page !"}


if __name__ == '__main__':
    uvicorn.run(app="main:app", reload=True, debug=True)

上述代码是启动入口，运行后就可以在postman中去请求，现在是有Bug的，因为没做token验证，所以在Header中传一个token字段就可以访问首页了，后面会利用jwt进行密码加密和token验证，但这个目前不影响请求注册和登录接口。

请求注册接口：

POST ：http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/register/

请求头参数：

x-token debugfeng

请求参数：

{
"username": "debugfeng11@qq.com",
"password": "123456"
}

请求结果：

{
"username": "debugfeng11@qq.com",
"id": 11,
"is_active": true
}

请求登录接口：

POST ：http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/login/

请求头参数：

x-token debugfeng

请求参数：

{
"username": "debugfeng05@qq.com",
"password": "123456notreallyhashed"
}

请求结果：

{
"username": "debugfeng05@qq.com",
"token": "1652006410799995"
}

今天先聊到这里吧，以上总结或许能帮助到你

如果对python自动化测试、web自动化、接口自动化、移动端自动化、面试经验交流等等感兴趣的测试人，可以 点我自行获取…