使用instrumentation模拟按键上报

实现：扫码获取数据，通过模拟按键上报的方式展示。记录下模拟按键上报的流程实现

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1.按键KeyCode值与字符映射关系

我们在键盘上输入的都是字符，在Android应用程序层，主要使用按键码keycode来区分，字符和按键码keycode有一个对应关系。

• 源码位置：frameworks/base/core/java/android/view/KeyEvent.java（frameworks/native/include/android/keycodes.h)

		...
    /** '0' key. */
    KEYCODE_0               = 7,
    /** '1' key. */
    KEYCODE_1               = 8,
    /** '2' key. */
    KEYCODE_2               = 9,
       ...
    /** 'A' key. */
    KEYCODE_A               = 29,
    /** 'B' key. */
    KEYCODE_B               = 30,
    /** 'C' key. */
    KEYCODE_C               = 31,   
    	...

贴出部分对应关系。

2.字符转换整数的KeyCode

• 源码位置：frameworks/base/core/java/android/view/KeyCharacterMap.java

KeyCharacterMap用于将按键的码映射为文本可识别的字符串（例如，显示的标签等）。KeyCharacterMap是一个辅助的功能：由于按键码只是一个与UI无关整数，通常用程序对其进行捕获处理，然而如果将按键事件转换为用户可见的内容，就需要经过这个层次的转换了。
现在测试一下：

	String testStr = "abc";
	char[] charOfUartCode = testStr .toCharArray();
    KeyCharacterMap kcm = KeyCharacterMap.load(KeyCharacterMap.VIRTUAL_KEYBOARD);
    KeyEvent[] keyEvents =  kcm .getEvents(charOfUartCode);
    for (int i = 0; i < keyEvents.length; i++) {
         Log.d("1111", "  str --> char :"+keyEvents.length+"   "+keyEvents[i].getKeyCode());
    }

字符串小写log输出： testStr = “abc”

D/1111:   str --> char :10   29
D/1111:   str --> char :10   29
D/1111:   str --> char :10   30
D/1111:   str --> char :10   30
D/1111:   str --> char :10   31
D/1111:   str --> char :10   31

字符串大写log输出：testStr = “ABC”

D/1111:   str --> char :20   59
D/1111:   str --> char :20   29
D/1111:   str --> char :20   29
D/1111:   str --> char :20   59
D/1111:   str --> char :20   59
D/1111:   str --> char :20   30
D/1111:   str --> char :20   30
D/1111:   str --> char :20   59
D/1111:   str --> char :20   59
D/1111:   str --> char :20   31
D/1111:   str --> char :20   31
D/1111:   str --> char :20   59

整理后的逻辑：

	String testStr = "123aBc";
 	char[] charOfUartCode = testStr .toCharArray();
    KeyCharacterMap kcm = KeyCharacterMap.load(KeyCharacterMap.VIRTUAL_KEYBOARD);
    KeyEvent[] keyEvents =  kcm .getEvents(charOfUartCode);
    KeyEvent[] mapToUseEvents = new KeyEvent[charOfUartCode.length];
	int[] metaStates = new int[charOfUartCode.length];
	
    int eventIndex = 0;
    for (int charIndex = 0; charIndex < charOfUartCode.length; charIndex++) {
         if((charOfUartCode[charIndex] >= 'A') && charOfUartCode[charIndex] <= 'Z') {   // 判断大小写
             eventIndex = eventIndex+4;
             mapToUseEvents[charIndex] = keyEvents[eventIndex - 3];
             metaStates[charIndex] = 1;      //  模拟按键上报 大写标志
         } else {
             mapToUseEvents[charIndex] = keyEvents[eventIndex];
             eventIndex = eventIndex+2;
             metaStates[charIndex] = 0;   //  模拟按键上报 小写标志
         }
         int  curKeyCode = mapToUseEvents[charIndex].getKeyCode();
         Log.d("1111", "  str --> char :"+keyEvents.length+"   "+curKeyCode);
    }
    eventIndex = 0;

整理后的log输出：testStr = “012aBc”

D/1111:   str --> char :14   7
D/1111:   str --> char :14   8
D/1111:   str --> char :14   9
D/1111:   str --> char :14   29
D/1111:   str --> char :14   30
D/1111:   str --> char :14   31

3.instrumentation模拟按键上报

什么是meta Keys:就是ALT、SHIFT、CAPS_LOCK。
第一列：keycode，由kernel层发出，经*.kl键盘映射文件得到keycode；

• base列：META_KEY没有被激活时的状态，即metaState = 0时映射的字符；
• caps列：是SHIFT或CAPS_LOCK被激活时的状态，此时metaState = 1时映射的字符；
• fn列： ALT被激活，对应metaState = 2时映射的字符；
• caps_fn列：ALT，SHIFT或CAPS_LOCK同时被激活时映射的字符；此时metaState = 3；

所以字母大写时，可以将metaState值设为1，如上。

方法一：不区分字母大小写可以使用直接使用Instrumentation.sendKeyDownUpSync(keycode);

  /**
     * Sends an up and down key event sync to the currently focused window.
     * @param key The integer keycode for the event.
     */
    public void sendKeyDownUpSync(int key) {        
        sendKeySync(new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN, key));
        sendKeySync(new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, key));
    }

方法二：区分大小写使用Instrumentation.sendKeySync(),只是KeyEvent要添加MetaState参数

  /**
     * metaState Flags indicating which meta keys are currently pressed.
     * /
	instrumentation.sendKeySync(new KeyEvent(0,0,KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN,keycode,0,metaState));
	instrumentation.sendKeySync(new KeyEvent(0,0,KeyEvent.ACTION_UP,keycode,0,metaState));

方法三：直接发送字符串

	Instrumentation instrumentation = new Instrumentation();
	instrumentation.sendStringSync("012aBc"+"\n");

使用Instrumentation要重新开线程。

4.使用InputConnection发送一个KeyeEvent

• 源码位置：frameworks/base/core/java/android/view/inputmethod/InputConnection.java

inputConnection.sendKeyEvent(KeyEvent event);

5.使用IInputContext发送一个KeyeEvent

• 源码位置：frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/view/IInputContext.aidl

IInputContext.sendKeyEvent(KeyEvent event);