V4L (1)

一    编程流程

1.打开视频设备.(通常是/dev/video0);

2.获取设备信息;

3.根据需要修改设备信息;

4.获取数据(read或者mmap);

5.对采集到的数据进行操作(如显示到屏幕，图像处理，存储成图片文件);

6.关闭视频设备.

 

二    基本程序段

v4l.h

 #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <linux/videodev.h> #define DEFAULT_DEVICE "/dev/video0" #define VIDEO_MAXFRAME 2 typedef struct _v4l_device { int fd; //des of cam struct video_capability capability; struct video_picture picture; struct video_mmap mmap; struct video_mbuf mbuf; unsigned char* map; //pointer to the image data int frame_current; int frame_using[VIDEO_MAXFRAME]; }v4l_device; extern int v4l_open(char*,v4l_device*); extern int v4l_close(v4l_device *); extern int v4l_get_capability(v4l_device *); extern int v4l_get_picture(v4l_device *); extern int v4l_get_mbuf(v4l_device *); extern int v4l_set_picture(v4l_device *, int, int, int, int, int); extern int v4l_grab_picture(v4l_device *, unsigned int); extern int v4l_mmap_init(v4l_device *); extern int v4l_grab_init(v4l_device *, int, int); extern int v4l_grab_frame(v4l_device *, int); extern int v4l_grab_sync(v4l_device *);

 

v4l.c

 #include "v4l.h" /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_open(char *dev,v4l_device* vd) { if(!dev) dev= DEFAULT_DEVICE; if((vd->fd=open(dev,O_RDWR))<0) { perror("v4l_open:"); return -1; } return 0; } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_close(v4l_device *vd) { close(vd->fd); return 0; } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_get_capability(v4l_device *vd) { if (ioctl(vd->fd, VIDIOCGCAP, &(vd->capability)) < 0) { perror("v4l_get_capability:"); return -1; } return 0; } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_get_picture(v4l_device *vd) { if (ioctl(vd->fd, VIDIOCGPICT, &(vd->picture)) < 0) { perror("v4l_get_picture:"); return -1; } return 0; } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_get_mbuf(v4l_device *vd) { if (ioctl(vd->fd, VIDIOCGMBUF ,&(vd->mbuf)) < 0) { perror("v4l_get_mbuf:"); return -1; } return 0; } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_set_picture(v4l_device *vd,int br,int hue,int col,int cont,int white) { if(br) vd->picture.brightness=br; if(hue) vd->picture.hue=hue; if(col) vd->picture.colour=col; if(cont) vd->picture.contrast=cont; if(white) vd->picture.whiteness=white; if(ioctl(vd->fd,VIDIOCSPICT,&(vd->picture))<0) { perror("v4l_set_picture: "); return -1; } return 0; } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_grab_picture(v4l_device *vd, unsigned int size) { if(read(vd->fd,&(vd->map),size)==0) return -1; return 0; } /******************for mmap***********************/ /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_mmap_init(v4l_device *vd) { if (v4l_get_mbuf(vd) < 0) return -1; if ((vd->map = mmap(0, vd->mbuf.size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, vd->fd, 0)) < 0) { perror("v4l_mmap_init:mmap"); return -1; } return 0; } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_grab_init(v4l_device *vd, int width, int height) { vd->mmap.width = width; vd->mmap.height = height; vd->mmap.format = vd->picture.palette; vd->frame_current = 0; vd->frame_using[0] = 0; vd->frame_using[1] = 0; return v4l_grab_frame(vd, 0); } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_grab_frame(v4l_device *vd, int frame) { if (vd->frame_using[frame]) { fprintf(stderr, "v4l_grab_frame: frame %d is already used./n", frame); return -1; } vd->mmap.frame = frame; if (ioctl(vd->fd, VIDIOCMCAPTURE, &(vd->mmap)) < 0) { perror("v4l_grab_frame"); return -1; } vd->frame_using[frame] = 1; vd->frame_current = frame; return 0; } /* @return: 0:success; -1:fail. */ int v4l_grab_sync(v4l_device *vd) { if (ioctl(vd->fd, VIDIOCSYNC, &(vd->frame_current)) < 0) { perror("v4l_grab_sync"); } vd->frame_using[vd->frame_current] = 0; return 0; }

 

test.c

#include "v4l.h" #include <stdlib.h> int main() { v4l_device vd; if(v4l_open("/dev/video0",&vd)!=0) exit(-1); else { v4l_mmap_init(&vd); v4l_grab_init(&vd,320,240); v4l_grab_sync(&vd); while(1) { vd.frame_current^=1; v4l_grab_frame(&vd, vd.frame_current); v4l_grab_sync(&vd); // use your own func to deal // the image data's base addr is: // vd.map+vd.vd.map+ // vd.mbuf.offsets[vd.frame_current] } } return 0; }

 

 

三    参考资料

 

[1]  http://hi.baidu.com/kangdaiwei0451/blog/item/6ae670d36ff77ed4a8ec9a42.html/cmtid/c7c39c17a369e00c4b90a75c