UNXI系统编程1<C代码>

UNXI系统编程1<C代码>

        和UNXI系统编程1<笔记>配套.具体如下：

 

01open:
********************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main()
{
	int fd = open("open.c", O_RDONLY);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		goto err_open;
	}

	int fd_out = open("tmp.c", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0664);
	if (fd_out < 0) {
		perror("open fd_out");
		goto err_open_fd_out;
	}

	off_t file_size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
	printf("file size = %ld\n", file_size);

	lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

#define BUF_SIZE 20
	unsigned char buf[BUF_SIZE] = {0};

	size_t r_count = 0;
	while (r_count = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) {
		write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, r_count);
		write(fd_out, buf, r_count);
	}

	close(fd_out);	
	close(fd);

	return 0;

err_open_fd_out:
	close(fd);
err_open:
	return -1;
}

*****************************
02opendir:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main()
{
	chdir("..");

	DIR *dirp = opendir(".");
	if (!dirp) {
		perror("opendir");
		goto err_opendir;
	}

	struct dirent *p = NULL;
	while (p = readdir(dirp)) {
		printf("=====%s====\n", p->d_name);
		printf("d_off=%ld\n", p->d_off);
		printf("telldir=%ld\n", telldir(dirp));
		printf("d_reclen=%d\n", p->d_reclen);
	}

	printf("\n====seekdir====\n");
	seekdir(dirp, 1106281852);
	p = readdir(dirp);
	printf("=====%s====\n", p->d_name);

	closedir(dirp);

	return 0;

err_opendir:
	return -1;
}

03align:
#include <stdio.h>

//最大成员和cpu字长取最小值，整个结构体大小必须是该值的倍数
struct foo {
	int a;
	short b;
	char c;
	long long d; //每个成员本身大小和cpu字长取最小值，该成员的起始地址必须是该值的倍数
	char e;
};

struct foo1 {
	char a;
};

struct foo2 {

};

#pragma pack(1) //可以更改为小于cpu字长的对齐规则，用于一些协议的使用，当数字大于等于cpu字长时，没有效果
struct foo3 {
	int a;
	short b;
	long long d; 
	char e;
};
#pragma pack()

int main()
{
	printf("%d\n", sizeof(struct foo));
	printf("%d\n", sizeof(struct foo1));
	printf("%d\n", sizeof(struct foo2));
	printf("%d\n", sizeof(struct foo3));

	printf("%*s%d\n", 8, "", 100);

	return 0;
}
04:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>

extern int errno; //全局变量，每个进程中有唯一的一个变量，记录错误码

int main()
{
	int fd = open("abc", O_RDONLY);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open fd");
		fprintf(stderr, "strerror: %s\n", 
				strerror(errno));
		goto err_open;
	}

	close(fd);

	return 0;
err_open:
	return -1;

}
05
#include <stdio.h>

extern char **environ;

int main()
{
	char **str = environ;

	while (*str) {
		printf("%s\n", *str);
		str++;
	}

	return 0;
}