吴恩达Coursera深度学习课程 DeepLearning.ai 编程作业（1-4）自定义图像预测错误的解决方法

编程作业请参照一下链接：http://blog.csdn.net/Koala_Tree/article/details/78092337。

用自定义图像进行预测时，会出现任何图像预测结果都是猫的问题。以下是原文预测代码：

7) Test with your own image (optional/ungraded exercise)

Congratulations on finishing this assignment. You can use your own image and see the output of your model. To do that: 
1. Click on “File” in the upper bar of this notebook, then click “Open” to go on your Coursera Hub. 
2. Add your image to this Jupyter Notebook’s directory, in the “images” folder 
3. Change your image’s name in the following code 
4. Run the code and check if the algorithm is right (1 = cat, 0 = non-cat)!

## START CODE HERE ##
my_image = "my_image.jpg" # change this to the name of your image file 
my_label_y = [1] # the true class of your image (1 -> cat, 0 -> non-cat)
## END CODE HERE ##

fname = "images/" + my_image
image = np.array(ndimage.imread(fname, flatten=False))
my_image = scipy.misc.imresize(image, size=(num_px,num_px)).reshape((num_px*num_px*3,1))
my_predicted_image = predict(my_image, my_label_y, parameters)

plt.imshow(image)
print ("y = " + str(np.squeeze(my_predicted_image)) + ", your L-layer model predicts a \"" + classes[int(np.squeeze(my_predicted_image)),].decode("utf-8") +  "\" picture.")

解决方法，需要在 源代码中添加

my_image = my_image/255.

my_image = scipy.misc.imresize(image, size=(num_px,num_px)).reshape((num_px*num_px*3,1))
# add data handling#
my_image = my_image/255.

原因，以下是训练及测试数据的load 代码。注意:

train_x = train_x_flatten/255.
test_x = test_x_flatten/255.

# Reshape the training and test examples 
train_x_flatten = train_x_orig.reshape(train_x_orig.shape[0], -1).T   # The "-1" makes reshape flatten the remaining dimensions
test_x_flatten = test_x_orig.reshape(test_x_orig.shape[0], -1).T

# Standardize data to have feature values between 0 and 1.
train_x = train_x_flatten/255.
test_x = test_x_flatten/255.

print ("train_x's shape: " + str(train_x.shape))
print ("test_x's shape: " + str(test_x.shape))

如果自定义数据不做这步处理，会导致输出层的输入部分即A[L-1]的值非常大，从而会导致sigmoid的输出值接近于1.