docker安装过程

docker官网：www.docker.com

     官网文档：docs.docker.com

随机密码生成：pwmake 数字

安装

安装前准备

- 查看系统和内核版本

[root@docker ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

[root@docker ~]#

[root@docker ~]# uname  -a

Linux docker 3.10.0-1160.92.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jun 20 11:48:01 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

- 关闭防火墙和SELinux

[root@docker ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

[root@docker ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

[root@docker ~]# setenforce  0

setenforce: SELinux is disabled

[root@docker ~]#

[root@docker ~]# getenforce

Disabled

- 卸载旧版本

yum remove docker \

                  docker-client \

                  docker-client-latest \

                  docker-common \

                  docker-latest \

                  docker-latest-logrotate \

                  docker-logrotate \

                  docker-engine

使用 yum 安装

- 配置仓库

yum install -y yum-utils

# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# 使用阿里云软件源

yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

- 安装最新版本

sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

- 指定安装版本，本课程使用版本：20.10.24

# 查看所有版本

yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

# 安装

yum -y  install docker-ce-20.10.24-3.el7.x86_64 docker-ce-cli-20.10.24-3.el7.x86_64 containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin-0.10.5-1.el7.x86_64.rpm   docker-compose-plugin

RPM包安装

 访问 Index of linux/centos/    选择CentOS版本，进入 x86_64/stable/Packages/   目录，下载 rpm 包。                 

- 安装

yum install *.rpm

二进制安装

下载二进制文件

启动 Docker

./docker

测试 Docker 是否正确安装

[root@docker ~]# docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally

latest: Pulling from library/hello-world

719385e32844: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:4f53e2564790c8e7856ec08e384732aa38dc43c52f02952483e3f003afbf23db

Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!

This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:

 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.

 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.

    (amd64)

 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the

    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.

 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it

    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:

 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

版本信息

Docker 是传统的CS 架构分为Docker Client 和Docker Server

[root@docker ~]# docker version

# 客户端

Client: Docker Engine - Community

 Version:           20.10.24

 API version:       1.41

 Go version:        go1.19.7

 Git commit:        297e128

 Built:             Tue Apr  4 18:22:57 2023

 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64

 Context:           default

 Experimental:      true

# 服务端

Server: Docker Engine - Community

 Engine:

  Version:          20.10.24

  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)

  Go version:       go1.19.7

  Git commit:       5d6db84

  Built:            Tue Apr  4 18:21:02 2023

  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64

  Experimental:     false

 containerd:

  Version:          1.6.24

  GitCommit:        61f9fd88f79f081d64d6fa3bb1a0dc71ec870523

 runc:

  Version:          1.1.9

  GitCommit:        v1.1.9-0-gccaecfc

 docker-init:

  Version:          0.19.0

  GitCommit:        de40ad0

状态信息查看

[root@docker ~]# docker info

Client:

 Context:    default

 Debug Mode: false

 Plugins:

  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)

  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.10.4-docker)

  compose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc., v2.21.0)

Server:

 Containers: 0

  Running: 0

  Paused: 0

  Stopped: 0

 Images: 0

 Server Version: 20.10.24

 Storage Driver: overlay2

  Backing Filesystem: extfs

  Supports d_type: true

  Native Overlay Diff: true

  userxattr: false

 Logging Driver: json-file

 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs

 Cgroup Version: 1

 Plugins:

  Volume: local

  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay

  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog

 Swarm: inactive

 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc

 Default Runtime: runc

 Init Binary: docker-init

 containerd version: 61f9fd88f79f081d64d6fa3bb1a0dc71ec870523

 runc version: v1.1.9-0-gccaecfc

 init version: de40ad0

 Security Options:

  seccomp

   Profile: default

 Kernel Version: 3.10.0-1160.92.1.el7.x86_64

 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)

 OSType: linux

 Architecture: x86_64

 CPUs: 8

 Total Memory: 15GiB

 Name: docker

 ID: 7MRK:ZL7D:ZQBL:CYQW:NFYH:S6NI:BGGH:K6X4:5QZX:2XRS:AIGX:CTN5

 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker

 Debug Mode: false

 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/

 Labels:

 Experimental: false

 Insecure Registries:

  127.0.0.0/8

 Live Restore Enabled: false

配置镜像加速器

Docker 配置文件 /etc/docker/daemon.json 中写入如下内容（如果文件不存在先创建）：

{

  "registry-mirrors": [

    "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",

    "https://mirror.baidubce.com",

    "https://ung2thfc.mirror.aliyuncs.com",

    "https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com"

  ]

}

重启服务

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl restart docker

 docker run -it ubuntu sh

#下载运行一个Ubuntu操作系统

 docker run -d -p80:80 nginx:1.22.1

#下载运行一个Nginx并启动

附录：

Yum 安装：

Install Docker Engine on CentOS | Docker Docs

二进制安装：

Install Docker Engine from binaries | Docker Docs