组件化开发方法

一、题目分析
题目1.Java版CORBA程序1——HelloWorld
实现详解：
1 编写IDL接口HelloWorld.idl：
2编译IDL接口：X:\helloWorld >idlj –fall HelloWorld.idl
编译结果生成sample包
3 编写并编译服务端程序:HelloWorldServer.java
4 编写并编译客户端程序: HelloWorldClient.java
5 运行
启动名字服务器：X:\helloWorld >tnameserv -ORBInitialPort 1050
启动服务端程序：X:\helloWorld >java HelloWorldServer -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出：HelloWorld is running
启动客户端程序：X:\helloWorld >java HelloWorldClient -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出：Hello World!
注意事项：
1、要转到class文件所在目录启动相应程序；
2、名字服务器、服务端和客户端要分别启动一个DOS命令提示符界面。
3、可采用批处理命令启动相应程序，分别为：
(1)启动名字服务器：
tnameserv -ORBInitialPort 1050
@pause
(2)启动服务器端程序：
java HelloWorldServer -ORBInitialPort 1050
@pause
(3)启动客户端程序:
java HelloWorldClient -ORBInitialPort 1050
@pause
4、要求编写实现显示“Hello，World！+班级+中文姓名”字符串。
题目2.JAVA版CORBA程序2——Counter要求：
编写实现连加、连减和加减混合等数学++/- -运算，并进行测试。
实现详解：
1 编写IDL接口counter.idl：
2编译IDL接口：X:\corba>idlj –fall counter.idl
编译结果生成CounterApp包
3 编写并编译对象实现代码：CounterImpl.java
4编写并编译客户端程序: Client.java
5 运行
启动名字服务器：X:\corba >tnameserv -ORBInitialPort 1050
启动服务端程序：X:\corba >java Server -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出：Server started. Stop: Ctrl-c
启动客户端程序：X:\corba >java Client -ORBInitialPort 1050

二、组件实现

HelloWorld:
1.编写IDL接口counter.idl：

module sample{
interface HelloWorld{ 
wstring sayHello();   
};  
};

2.编写并编译服务端程序:HelloWorldServer.java

  import sample.*;
    import org.omg.CosNaming.*;
    import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextPackage.*;
    import org.omg.CORBA.*;
    import org.omg.CORBA.portable.*;
    import org.omg.PortableServer.*;
    class HelloWorldServant extends HelloWorldPOA{   //对象实现类
    public String sayHello(){
    return "\nHello World!软工1704班赵茹平\n";
    }
    }
    public class HelloWorldServer{                  //服务程序
    public static void main(String args[]){
    try{
    //初始化ORB
    ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
    //取根POA的引用
    org.omg.CORBA.Object poaobj = orb.resolve_initial_references ("RootPOA");
    org.omg.PortableServer.POA rootPOA = 	org.omg.PortableServer.POAHelper.narrow(poaobj);
    org.omg.PortableServer.POAManager manager = rootPOA.the_POAManager();
    //创建伺服对象 
    HelloWorldServant objRef = new HelloWorldServant();
    HelloWorld obj = objRef._this(orb);
    //绑定命名服务 
    NamingContext ncRef = 	 NamingContextHelper.narrow(orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService"));
    NameComponent nc = new NameComponent("Hello", ""); 
    NameComponent path[] = {nc}; 
    ncRef.rebind(path, obj);
    //激活POA管理器 
    manager.activate();
    //等待处理客户程序的请求
    System.out.println("HelloWorld is running!");
    orb.run();
    }catch (Exception e) { 
    System.err.println("ERROR: " + e); 
    e.printStackTrace(System.out); 
    }
    }
    }

3. 编写并编译客户端程序: HelloWorldClient.java

import sample.*; 
import org.omg.CosNaming.*; 
import org.omg.CORBA.*; 
public class HelloWorldClient { 
public static void main(String args[]) { 
try{
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService"); 
NamingContext ncRef = NamingContextHelper.narrow(objRef); 
NameComponent nc = new NameComponent("Hello",""); 
NameComponent path[] = {nc}; 
HelloWorld helloWorld = HelloWorldHelper.narrow(ncRef.resolve(path)); 
WString hello = helloWorld.sayHello(); 
System.out.println(hello); 
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("ERROR : " + e) ;
e.printStackTrace(System.out); 
}
}
}

Counter:
1.编写IDL接口counter.idl：

module CounterApp{   
    interface Counter{   
        readonly attribute long value;   
        void inc();   
        void dec();   
    };   
};

2.编写并编译对象实现代码：CounterImpl.java

import CounterApp.*;
public class CounterImpl extends CounterPOA {
    private int count;   
    public CounterImpl(){   
        count = 0;   
    }   
    public void inc(){   
        count++;   
    }   
    public void dec(){   
        count - -;   
    }   
    public int value(){   
        return count;   
    }   
}

3.编写并编译服务端程序: Server.java

import CounterApp.*;   
import java.io.*;   
import org.omg.CosNaming.*;
import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextPackage.*;
import org.omg.CORBA.*;
import org.omg.CORBA.portable.*;
import org.omg.PortableServer.*;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args){
try{
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
org.omg.CORBA.Object poaobj = orb.resolve_initial_references ("RootPOA");
org.omg.PortableServer.POA rootPOA = org.omg.PortableServer.POAHelper.narrow(poaobj);
org.omg.PortableServer.POAManager manager = rootPOA.the_POAManager();
CounterImpl c_impl = new CounterImpl();
Counter c = c_impl._this(orb);
NamingContext ncRef = NamingContextHelper.narrow(orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService"));
NameComponent nc = new NameComponent("Count", "");
NameComponent path[] = {nc}; 
ncRef.rebind(path, c);
FileOutputStream file = new FileOutputStream("Counter.ref");
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(file);
String ref = orb.object_to_string(c);
writer.println(ref);
writer.flush();
file.close();
System.out.println("Server started."+" Stop:Ctrl-c");
rootPOA.the_POAManager().activate();
orb.run();
}catch(IOException ex){
System.out.println("File error:"+ex.getMessage());
System.exit(2);
}catch(Exception ex){
System.out.println("Exception: "+ex.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
}
}

4. 编写并编译客户端程序: Client.java

    import CounterApp.*;  
    import java.util.*;   
    import java.io.*;   
    import org.omg.CORBA.*; 
    import org.omg.CosNaming.*; 
    public class Client {   
    public static void main(String[] args){   
    try{   
    ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
    org.omg.CORBA.Object obj = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService"); 
    NamingContext ncRef = NamingContextHelper.narrow(obj); 
    NameComponent nc = new NameComponent("Count",""); 
    NameComponent path[] = {nc};
    String ref = null; 
    try{   
    Scanner reader = new Scanner(new File("Counter.ref"));   
    ref = reader.nextLine();   
    }catch(IOException ex){   
    System.out.println("File error: "+ex.getMessage());   
    System.exit(2);   
    }   
    obj = orb.string_to_object(ref);   
    if(obj == null){   
    System.out.println("Invalid IOR");   
    System.exit(4);   
    }   
    Counter c = null;   
    try{   
    c = CounterHelper.narrow(obj);   
    }catch(BAD_PARAM ex){   
    System.out.println("Narrowing failed");   
    System.exit(3);   
    }   
    int inp = -1;   
    do{   
    System.out.print("Counter value: "+c.value()+"\nAction(+/-/e)?");   
    System.out.flush();   
    do{   
    try{   
    inp = System.in.read();   
    }catch(IOException ioe){}   
    }while(inp != '+' && inp != '-' && inp != 'e');   
    if(inp == '+')   
    c.inc();   
    else if(inp == '-')   
    c.dec();   
    }while(inp != 'e');   
    }catch(Exception ex){   
    System.out.println("Exception: "+ex.getMessage());   
    System.exit(1);   
    }   
    }   
    }

三、测试、调试及运行结果
1.编译HelloWorldServer.java和HelloWorldClient.java.

2.编译后生成的.class文件

3.启动名字服务器

4.启动服务端程序

5.启动客户端程序

6.修改.idl中的string为wstring,修改HelloWorldServer.java中的return值为HelloWorld!软工1704班赵茹平

7.counter.idl文件中的错误

8.修改错误并编译三个.java文件

9.生成的.class文件

10.启动名字服务器

11.启动服务端程序

12.启动客户端程序

四、经验归纳
1.java HelloWorld.java是运行程序，javac HelloWorld.java是编译程序。
2.String是常用类型，可以看做char[];wstring使用的是wchar_t[]类型，是宽字符。
3.还没有搞明白组件图如何画，后期会继续学习。