目录
3.2 配置db_install.rsp响应模板文件开始静默安装
4.1 Invalid template file specified
4.3 Specified value of sga_target 768M is too small
前面讲过oracle11g的图像化安装和静默安装，现在我们介绍一下oracle12c的部署，oracle2c和oracle11g的部署方式基本一样，下面我们开始oracle12c的安装
1 环境检查
1.1配置hosts文件
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# vim /etc/hosts
172.18.1.22 bgsbtsp0006-dqf1.2 安装数据库相关系统依赖包
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libXi make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel1.3 关闭防火墙和selinux
临时关闭防火墙
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# systemctl stop firewalld
防火墙开机不启动
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# systemctl disable firewalld
临时关闭SELinux
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# setenforce 0
开机关闭SELinux
编辑/etc/selinux/config文件，将SELINUX的值设置为disabled1.4 修改内核参数
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2009133056
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
sysctl -p #生效2 部署前准备工作
2.1 建立用户和组
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# groupadd oinstall
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# groupadd dba
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# groupadd oper
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# passwd oracle #输密码2.2 创建相关目录
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oraInventory
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oracle/oradata/orcl
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle2.3 修改文件限制
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 102402.4 修改oracle用户环境变量
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# su - oracle
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
#添加以下内容
if [ $USER = "oracle" ];then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ];then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=bgsbtsp0006-dqf; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
# 配置完记得生效
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# source /home/oracle/.bash_profile3 部署安装
3.1 解压安装包
# 解压安装包
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
# 将解压后的目录移动到之前我们创建的目录下，并授权
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# mv database /opt/oracle
# 授权
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:opt]# chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle
3.2 配置db_install.rsp响应模板文件开始静默安装
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:response]$ sed -n '/^[^#]/p' db_install.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.2.0
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=dba
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oraInventory #这个目录要先创建
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.rac.configurationType=
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolName=
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=
oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsHost=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsPort=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminUser=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminPassword=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
开始安装
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:database]$ ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile /opt/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 119485 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 95953 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2019-05-08_04-49-54PM. Please wait ...
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32016] The selected Oracle home contains directories or files.
ACTION: To start with an empty Oracle home, either remove its contents or choose another location.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/opt/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-05-08_04-49-54PM.log
The installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful.
Please check '/opt/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2019-05-08_04-49-54PM.log' for more details.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /opt/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /opt/oracle/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Successfully Setup Software.按照提示，我们重新打开终端执行上面脚本
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:oracle]# sh /opt/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /opt/oracle/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /opt/oracle/oraInventory to dba.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:oracle]# sh /opt/oracle/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Check /opt/oracle/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/install/root_bgsbtsp0006-dqf_2019-05-08_16-51-44-886134088.log for the output of root script
3.4 配置监听程序
查看配置文件内容
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:response]$ sed -n '/^[^#]/p' netca.rsp
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="12.2"
CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"
[oracle.net.ca]
INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}
INSTALL_TYPE=""custom""
LISTENER_NUMBER=1
LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}
LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}
LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""
NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}
NSN_NUMBER=1
NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}
NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}
NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}
启动服务
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:response]$ netca /silent /responsefile /opt/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /opt/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Configuring Listener:LISTENER
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/opt/oracle/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 03.5 创建dbca数据库，编辑应答文件
查看配置文件内容
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:response]$ sed -n '/^[^#]/p' dbca.rsp
responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v12.2.0
gdbName=orcl
sid=orcl
databaseConfigType=SI
RACOneNodeServiceName=
policyManaged=
createServerPool=
serverPoolName=
cardinality=
force=
pqPoolName=
pqCardinality=
createAsContainerDatabase=true
numberOfPDBs=1
pdbName=pdb1
useLocalUndoForPDBs=TRUE
pdbAdminPassword=oracle123
nodelist=
templateName=General_Purpose.dbc
sysPassword=oracle123
systemPassword=oracle123
oracleHomeUserPassword=oracle123
emConfiguration=
emExpressPort=5500
runCVUChecks=
dbsnmpPassword=
omsHost=
omsPort=
emUser=
emPassword=
dvConfiguration=
dvUserName=
dvUserPassword=
dvAccountManagerName=
dvAccountManagerPassword=
olsConfiguration=
datafileJarLocation=
datafileDestination=/opt/oracle/oracle/oradata/orcl #要先创建改目录
recoveryAreaDestination=
storageType=
diskGroupName=
asmsnmpPassword=
recoveryGroupName=
characterSet=AL32UTF8
nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16
registerWithDirService=
dirServiceUserName=
dirServicePassword=
walletPassword=
listeners=
variablesFile=
variables=
initParams=
sampleSchema=
memoryPercentage=
databaseType=MULTIPURPOSE
automaticMemoryManagement=FALSE
totalMemory=4096 #根据实际情况定义
启动服务，进行安装，安装时间较长请耐心等待
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:response]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /opt/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp -sysPassword oracle123 -systemPassword oracle123
[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYS' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
CAUSE:
a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYSTEM' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
CAUSE:
a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
[WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'PDBADMIN' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
CAUSE:
a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password
ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines.
Copying database files
1% complete
13% complete
25% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
26% complete
30% complete
31% complete
35% complete
38% complete
39% complete
41% complete
Completing Database Creation
42% complete
43% complete
44% complete
46% complete
49% complete
50% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
55% complete
75% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl1.log" for further details.
3.6 验证
[oracle@bgsbtsp0006-dqf:response]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed May 8 21:23:11 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> select name from v$database ;
NAME
---------
ORCL
4 FAQ
4.1 Invalid template file specified
dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /opt/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp -sysPassword oracle123 -systemPassword oracle123
[FATAL] [DBT-10503] Invalid template file specified.解决方案：
dbca.rsp配置文件中templateName=General_Purpose.dbc4.2 Automatic Memory Management option is not allowed when the total physical memory is greater than 4GB.
[FATAL] [DBT-11211] The Automatic Memory Management option is not allowed when the total physical memory is greater than 4GB.
CAUSE: The current total physical memory is 62GB.解决方案：
dbca.rsp配置文件中改值设置为false
automaticMemoryManagement=FALSE4.3 Specified value of sga_target 768M is too small
ORA-00821: Specified value of sga_target 768M is too small, needs to be at least 1900M
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
解决方案：
dbca.rsp配置文件中设定totalMemory的值
totalMemory=4096 #根据实际情况定义
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