简单的在TCP协议下实现服务器与客户端之间的通信（Socket函数很重要）

服务器端


#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define portnumber 3333


struct online
{
 char name[100];
 int fd;
 struct online *next;
};


struct online *head;


struct message
{
 char name[100];
 char passwd[100];
 char to_name[100];
 char to_msg[100];
 int action;
};


int insert_node(struct online *newnode)
{
  if(head == NULL)
  {
     newnode->next = NULL;
     head = newnode;
     return 0;
  }
  
  struct online *temp = head;
  
  while(temp->next != NULL)
  {
     temp = temp->next;
  }
  
  temp->next = newnode;
  newnode->next = NULL;
  return 0;
}


int find_node(char *name)
{
   if(head == NULL)
   {
      return -1;
   }
   struct online *temp = head; 
   while(temp != NULL)
   {
      if(strcmp(temp->name,name) == 0)
      {
         return temp->fd;
      }
      temp = temp->next;
   }
   
   return -1;
}


void * read_client(void *arg)
{
  int nbytes;
  int fd;
  int new_fd = *((int *)arg);
  struct message *msg = (struct message *)malloc(sizeof(struct message));
  struct online *ptr = (struct online *)malloc(sizeof(struct online));
  while((nbytes=read(new_fd,msg,sizeof(struct message))) > 0)
  {
 switch(msg->action)
 {
     case 1:
     {
         memset(ptr,0,sizeof(struct online));
         printf("log ok!\n");
         msg->action = -1;
         strcpy(ptr->name,msg->name);
         ptr->fd = new_fd;
         insert_node(ptr);
         write(new_fd,msg,sizeof(struct message));
         break;
     }
     case -1:
     {
         printf("log no!\n");
         break;
     }
     case 3:
     {
         printf("read message!\n");
         fd = find_node(msg->to_name);    
         write(fd,msg,sizeof(struct message));
         break;
     }
 }
}
}




int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int pthread_id;
int sockfd,new_fd;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
int sin_size;
int ret;
int nbytes;
char buffer[1024];
  int opt = 1;   /* 套接字选项 */
  
  head = NULL;
if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1) 
{
fprintf(stderr,"Socket error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 
server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;                 
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);  
server_addr.sin_port=htons(portnumber);        
  setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));   
if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr),sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Bind error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}


if(listen(sockfd,5)==-1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Listen error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}


while(1)
{
sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
if((new_fd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&client_addr),&sin_size))==-1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Accept error:%s\n\a",strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
fprintf(stderr,"Server get connection from %s\n",inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr)); // 将网络地址转换成.字符串
    
    ret = pthread_create(&pthread_id,NULL,(void *)read_client,(void *)&new_fd);
    if(ret)
    {
     printf("pthread error!\n"){}
    }    


}


/* 结束通讯 */
close(sockfd);
exit(0);
}




客户端
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define portnumber 3333


struct message
{
 char name[100];
 char passwd[100];
 char to_name[100];
 char to_msg[100];
 int action;
};


void welcome()
{
printf("\t\t/**********welcome to my mimi_chat!*****************/\n");
printf("\t\t/**********input log login*************************/\n");
printf("\t\t/**********input reg register**********************/\n");
printf("\t\t/**********input sto send to one*******************/\n");
printf("\t\t/**********input sta send to all*******************/\n");
printf("\t\t/**********input exit eixt system*******************/\n");
}


void * read_server(void *arg)
{
   int fd = *((int *)arg);
   int nbytes;
   struct message *msg = (struct message *)malloc(sizeof(struct message));
   while((nbytes=read(fd,msg,sizeof(struct message))) > 0)
{
 switch(msg->action)
 {
     case 1:
     {
         printf("log ok!\n");
         break;
     }
     case -1:
     {
         printf("log no!\n");
         break;
     }
     case 3:
     {
         printf("%s send to message to me:%s!\n",msg->name,msg->to_msg);
         break;
     }
     
     
 }
}
    
}


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sockfd;
char buffer[1024];
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
struct hostent *host;
int pthread_id;
struct message *msg = (struct message *)malloc(sizeof(struct message));
if(argc!=2)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Usage:%s hostname \a\n",argv[0]);
exit(1);
}


if((host=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Gethostname error\n");
exit(1);
}


/* 客户程序开始建立 sockfd描述符 */
if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1) // AF_INET:Internet;SOCK_STREAM:TCP
{
fprintf(stderr,"Socket Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}


/* 客户程序填充服务端的资料 */
bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr)); // 初始化,置0
server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;          // IPV4
server_addr.sin_port=htons(portnumber);  // (将本机器上的short数据转化为网络上的short数据)端口号
server_addr.sin_addr=*((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr); // IP地址
   
  //welcome();
  
/* 客户程序发起连接请求 */
if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)(&server_addr),sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Connect Error:%s\a\n",strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}

pthread_create(&pthread_id,NULL,(void *)read_server,(void *)&sockfd);

char input[1024];
welcome();
  
/* 发送数据 */
while(1)
{
        printf("Please input command:\n");
        memset(input,0,1024);
        scanf("%s",input);
        if(strcmp(input,"log") == 0)
        {
          msg->action = 1;
          printf("Please input name:\n");
          scanf("%s",msg->name);
          printf("Please input password:\n");
          scanf("%s",msg->passwd);
          write(sockfd,msg,sizeof(struct message));
        }
        if(strcmp(input,"sto") == 0)
        {
          msg->action = 3;
          printf("Please input to name:\n");
          scanf("%s",msg->to_name);
          printf("Please input to message:\n");
          scanf("%s",msg->to_msg);
          write(sockfd,msg,sizeof(struct message));
        }
        if(strcmp(input,"sta") == 0)
        {
        }
        if(strcmp(input,"exit") == 0)
        {
        }
     
}
/* 结束通讯 */
close(sockfd);
exit(0);
}