Swift 基本语法

//用let声明常量，用var来声明变量，一个常量的值在编译时并不需要获取，但是只能为他赋值一次，
        var myValue = 42;
        myValue = 50;
        var contValue = 42;

//如果初始值没有提供足够的信息(或者没有初始值),那你需要在变量后面声明类型,用冒 号分割
        var value:NSInteger = 45;

        var doubleValue:Double = 60.00;

//删除最后一行中string，
        let apple = 3;
        let orange = 5;
        let appleSummary = "I have \(apple) apples";
        let orangeSummary = "I have \(orange) oranges";
        print(appleSummary);
        print(orangeSummary);

//判断数字串转化为数字是不是不等于空
        if Int(f) != nil {
            print(Int(f));
        }
        
        let str : String = "123456";
        print("字符串长度:",str.characters.count);

 //以什么开始
        print(str.hasPrefix("1"));
        //以什么结尾
        print(str.hasSuffix("6"));
        
     //两个字符串相加
        let str1 : String = "你好，";
        let str2 = str + str1;
        
        print(str2);

 // 字符出的截取
        let range : NSRange = NSMakeRange(2, 2);
        let rang1 = (str2 as NSString).substringFromIndex(1);
        let rang2 = (str2 as NSString).substringWithRange(range);
        
        print(rang2);
        
        let st : NSString = "abcdefgh";
        let rang3 : NSRange = NSRange(location: 1,length: 2);
        let strr : NSString = st.substringWithRange(rang3);
        
        print("strr = ",strr);
        
        //获取字符串的长度
        let count = st.length;
        print("count = ",count);

// 创建数组
        var arr = [Int]();
        var array : Array = [Int]();
        var arr1 = [1,2,3,4,5];
        let arr2 = Array<Int>();
        print(arr1);
        
        //遍历数组
        for index in arr1 {
            print(index);
        }
        
      //添加数组元素
        array.insert(1, atIndex: 0);
        print(array);
        
       //删除数组元素
        arr1.removeAtIndex(2);
        print("arr1 = ",arr1);
        //替换元素
        arr1[2] = 78;
        print("arr1 = ",arr1);

//oc数组
        var ocArr : NSMutableArray = NSMutableArray();
        ocArr.addObject("wang");
        ocArr.addObject("ying");
        ocArr.addObject("ying");
        ocArr[0] = "hello";
        print(ocArr);
        print("元素个数：",ocArr.count);
        print("元素个数：\(ocArr.count)");

字典
        var dic : Dictionary = Dictionary<String,String>();
        dic["1"] = "1";
        dic.updateValue("2", forKey: "2");  //有则更改，无则增加
        
        dic.removeAll(keepCapacity: true);
        print(dic);
        
        //oc字典
        let dict : NSMutableDictionary = NSMutableDictionary();
        
        //添加元素
        dict.setObject("dic1", forKey: "dic");
        dict.setObject("dic2", forKey: "dic1");
        //删除元素
//        dict.removeObjectForKey("dic");
        print(dict);
        //修改元素
        dict["dic"] = "hello";
        
        //遍历字典
        for (key,value) in dict {
            print("key = \(key),value = \(value)");
        }

for循环

//循环
        for index in 1...10 {
            print(index);
        }
        for index1 in 1..<10 {
            print(index1);
        }

while 循环

//while 循环
        var whileIndex = 0;
        var sum = 0;
        
        while whileIndex < 5 {
            whileIndex += 1;
            sum += whileIndex;
        }
        print("whileIndex1 = ",sum);
        repeat {
           whileIndex += 1;
            sum += whileIndex;
        }while whileIndex < 10;
        
        print("whileIndex = ",sum);

枚举

 //定义枚举
        enum City : Int {
            
            case beijing=1,guangzhou,shanghai,anyang
            case hangzhou
            case wenzhou
            
        }
        print(City.wenzhou.rawValue);
        
        let  suma = Season.Summer;
        
        switch suma {
        case .Summer:
            print(1);
        case .Spring:
            print(2);
        case .Auto:
            print(2);
        default:
            print("默认");
        }
        
函数
   //无参函数，无返回值
        func func1() {
            
        }
        //有参函数，无返回值
        func func2(aa : Int)
        {
            
        }
        //无参函数，有返回值
        func func3(aa : Int)->Int
        {
            return 2;
        }
        
        //有参函数，有返回值
        func func4(aa : Int)->Int
        {
            return 2;
        }
        
        //有参函数 ，多个返回值
        func func5 (aa : Int)->(Int,Int)
        {
            return(1,2);
        }
        
        //多参数，
        func fun6 (a : Int...)->(Int)
        {
            var result = 0;
            for index in a {
                result = result + index;
            }
            print("result = ",result);
            return 2;
        }