- 实验括扑图
- 实验需求
1、R6为ISP,接口IP地址均为公有地址,该设备只能配置IP地址,之后不能再对其进行任何配置;
2、R1-R5为局域网,私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24,请合理分配;
3、R1、R2、R4,各有两个环回IP地址;R5,R6各有一个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口;
4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址;
5、选路最佳,路由表尽量小,避免环路;
6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
7、R6 telnet R5的公有地址时,实际登录到R1上;
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过100m链路;
- 实验思路
(1)先划分IP地址,根据拓扑图分析,总共需要14个网段,因为要将路由表简化,先分出6个大网段,将骨干链路作为一个大网段,各路由器环回网段作为一个大网段(包括R3下的民用网段)
192.168.1.0000 0000/27---骨干链路
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.4/30 192.168.1.8/30 192.168.1.12/30
192.168.1.16/30 192.168.1.20/30
192.168.1.32/27---R1环回链路
192.168.1.32/28(L0) 192.168.1.48/28(L1)
192.168.1.64/27---R2环回链路
192.168.1.64/28(L0) 192.168.1.80/28(L1)
192.168.1.96/27---R3 PC网段
192.168.1.128/27---R4环回链路
192.168.1.128/28(L0) 192.168.1.144/28(L1)
192.168.1.160/27---R5环回链路
配置IP
- 配置DHCP,使PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址
- 编写静态路由(除了到达1.0.0.0/24)
- 配置缺省路由,实现1.0.0.0/24互通,R5路由器配置nat,实现全网通
- 做防环,汇总,黑洞路由配置
- 改变路由条目优先级实现
- 测试,走不通1000Mb/s,是否能走100Mb/s
- 在R1上面配置telnet服务,通过nat 服务发布到R5公网接口
- 实验步骤
- 配置IP
R1:
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R1
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30
[R1]int loopback 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack0]int loopback 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28
[R1-LoopBack1]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30
R2:
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loopback 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack0]int loopback 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28
R3:
<Huawei>sy
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.6 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.13 30
[R3]int g 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.97 27
R4:
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]ip add 192.168.1.21 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]int loopback 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack0]int loopback 1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.145 28
R5:
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.2 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loopback 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.161 27
R6:
[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loopback 0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 1.0.0.1 24
- 配置DHCP(R3)
[R3]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[R3]ip pool aa
Info:It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[R3-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27
[R3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[R3-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[R3-ip-pool-aa]int g 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
- 配置静态路由
R1:
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
R2:
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
R3:
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
R4:
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22
R5:(R1-R5为局域网,私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24)
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.1
测试:
- 防止成环
R1:[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0
R2:[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0
R4:[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0
R5:[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 NULL 0
- R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过100m链路;(设置优先级)
R4:
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18 preference 61
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18 preference 61
R5:
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.17 preference 61
- R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000
测试:
7、R6telnetR5,实则登录R1
[R1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 15 password cipher 123456
[R1-aaa]local-user admin service-type telnet
[R1-aaa]user-interface vty 0 4
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 inside 192.168.1.1 23
Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function failure.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y
Info: The NAT in the network has existed.
Already existing configuration will be covered with current configure. [Y/N]: y
测试: