MySQL 8.0文档阅读: 基于GTID的主从复制replication

原理

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/replication-gtids-concepts.html

mysql可以为每个事件分配一个全局的ID, 称为GTID, 格式为

GTID = source_id:transaction_id

source_id为mysql的server-uuid, mysql初次启动时, 会自动生成
transaction_id为一个递增的整数
同一个事务最多只会执行一次, 因为mysql通过gtid_executed记录了哪些事件务已经执行过了, 下次不会再执行.

gtid_executed

mysql通过系统变量gtid_executed记录哪些事务已经被执行过了

mysql> select @@gtid_executed;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| @@gtid_executed                                                                  |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 6f166d02-4484-11e9-8a8e-00163e100586:1-7,
dbd6ef07-188d-11e9-8e82-00163e14485f:1 |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

上例中6f166d02-4484-11e9-8a8e-00163e100586:1-7中的1-7个表示一个范围

gtid_purged

mysql通过系统变量gtid_purged记录哪些事务已经被PURGE BINARY LOGS清除了

mysql> select @@gtid_purged ;
+------------------------------------------+
| @@gtid_purged                            |
+------------------------------------------+
| 6f166d02-4484-11e9-8a8e-00163e100586:1-8 |
+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql.gtid_executed

一直都是空的, 文档上说只有在binlog轮转, 或shutdown时, 才会用到.

Retrieved_Gtid_Set

slave保存最后一次从master上拉取的GTID, 从而避免再拉重复的binlog

mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.29.193.192
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: binlog.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 468
               Relay_Log_File: iZbp1h0xotwhth0dkno5wbZ-relay-bin.000009
                Relay_Log_Pos: 447
        Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 468
              Relay_Log_Space: 1194
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 6f166d02-4484-11e9-8a8e-00163e100586
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 6f166d02-4484-11e9-8a8e-00163e100586:1-5
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 1
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

特别注意

RESET MASTER会同时清除掉gtid_executed和gtid_purged的值

Master配置

[mysqld]
server_id=1
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=true

Slave配置

[mysqld]
server_id=1
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=true

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = "10.29.193.192",\
MASTER_USER = "repl", MASTER_PASSWORD = "123456",\
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1;

mysql> start slave