多线程你真的懂了吗？

今天写下多线程，多线程是个老生常谈的知识，一谈及多线程，很多人就会想起多线程的实现方式，实现Runnable接口，或是实现Thread类。但是为什么这么就可以实现多线程呢？

我们通过代码来了解下吧！

public class ConcurrencyTest {
  
  private static final long count = 10000;

  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    concurrency();
    serial();

  }
  private static void concurrency() throws InterruptedException{
    
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        int a =0;
        for(long i=0;i<count;i++){
          a +=3;
        }
      }
    });
    
    thread.start();
    int b = 0;
    for(long i = 0;i<count;i++){
      b--;
    }
    thread.join();
    long time = System.currentTimeMillis()-start;
    System.out.print("concurrency:"+time+"ms,b="+b);
  }
  
  private static void serial(){
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    int a = 0;
    for(long i = 0;i<count;i++){
      a+=3;
    }
    int b = 0;
    for(long i=0;i<count;i++){
      b--;
    }
    long time = System.currentTimeMillis()-start;
    System.out.print("serial:"+ time +"ms,b="+b+",a="+a);
  }
  

}

很多人都知道concurrency()方法使用的就是多线程，为什么呢？多线程到底是怎么创建的多个线程的呢？

我们来看下Runnable()接口的源码，

public interface Runnable {
    /**
     * When an object implementing interface <code>Runnable</code> is used
     * to create a thread, starting the thread causes the object's
     * <code>run</code> method to be called in that separately executing
     * thread.
     * <p>
     * The general contract of the method <code>run</code> is that it may
     * take any action whatsoever.
     *
     * @see     java.lang.Thread#run()
     */
    public abstract void run();
}

发现什么也没有，我们并没有获得有用的信息。

我们再来看下线程的start()方法的源码，

 public synchronized void start() {
        /**
         * This method is not invoked for the main method thread or "system"
         * group threads created/set up by the VM. Any new functionality added
         * to this method in the future may have to also be added to the VM.
         *
         * A zero status value corresponds to state "NEW".
         */
        if (threadStatus != 0)
            throw new IllegalThreadStateException();

        /* Notify the group that this thread is about to be started
         * so that it can be added to the group's list of threads
         * and the group's unstarted count can be decremented. */
        group.add(this);

        boolean started = false;
        try {
            start0();
            started = true;
        } finally {
            try {
                if (!started) {
                    group.threadStartFailed(this);
                }
            } catch (Throwable ignore) {
                /* do nothing. If start0 threw a Throwable then
                  it will be passed up the call stack */
            }
        }
    }

    private native void start0();

我们可以看到start()方法应该是通过start0()方法来实现多线程的，但是start0()的源码我们就看不到了，然后搜索下，start0方法用的native关键字，一个Native Method就是一个java调用非java代码的接口。一个Native Method是这样一个java的方法：该方法的实现由非java语言实现。