ARM-Linux时钟初始化

ARM-Linux时钟初始化

 

ARM-linux时钟初始化是从MACHINE_START中的map_io函数开始的，map_io函数中会调用s3c24xx_init_clocks(12000000);来进行，我们来看一下初始化过程

static struct cpu_table *cpu; void__init s3c24xx_init_clocks(intxtal) {     if (xtal == 0)        xtal= 12*1000*1000;       if (cpu ==NULL)        panic("s3c24xx_init_clocks:no cpu setup?\n");       if (cpu->init_clocks ==NULL)        panic("s3c24xx_init_clocks:cpu has no clock init\n");     else        (cpu->init_clocks)(xtal); }

示例如下：

structcpu_table {     unsigned long idcode;     unsigned long idmask;     void       (*map_io)(void);     void       (*init_uarts)(structs3c2410_uartcfg *cfg,int no);     void       (*init_clocks)(intxtal);     int    (*init)(void);     const char*name; };

static structcpu_table cpu_ids[] __initdata = {     //……     {        .idcode       = 0x32440000,        .idmask       = 0xffffffff,        .map_io       = s3c244x_map_io,        .init_clocks  = s3c244x_init_clocks,        .init_uarts   = s3c244x_init_uarts,        .init      = s3c2440_init,        .name      = name_s3c2440     },     {        .idcode       = 0x32440001,        .idmask       = 0xffffffff,        .map_io       = s3c244x_map_io,        .init_clocks  = s3c244x_init_clocks,        .init_uarts   = s3c244x_init_uarts,        .init      = s3c2440_init,        .name      = name_s3c2440a     },     {        .idcode       = 0x32440aaa,        .idmask       = 0xffffffff,        .map_io       = s3c244x_map_io,        .init_clocks  = s3c244x_init_clocks,        .init_uarts   = s3c244x_init_uarts,        .init      = s3c2442_init,        .name      = name_s3c2442     },     {        .idcode       = 0x32440aab,        .idmask       = 0xffffffff,        .map_io       = s3c244x_map_io,        .init_clocks  = s3c244x_init_clocks,        .init_uarts   = s3c244x_init_uarts,        .init      = s3c2442_init,        .name      = name_s3c2442b     },     //…… };

void__init s3c244x_init_clocks(intxtal) {     /* initialise the clocks here, to allow other things like the     * console to use them, and to add new ones after the initialisation     */     s3c24xx_register_baseclocks(xtal);     s3c244x_setup_clocks();     s3c2410_baseclk_add(); }

s3c24xx_register_baseclocks函数会向系统注册基本时钟，S3C2440A时钟链路：由外晶振OSC（或外部时钟）提供时钟输入，然后分成两路，一路由MPLL锁相环倍频出时钟FCK（核时钟），然后经分频出两路时钟HCLK（AHB总线外设时钟）和PCLK（APB总线外设时钟），另一路由UPLL锁相环倍频出时钟UCLK，为USB外设提供时钟，以下基本时钟中，xtal为外部晶振时钟，clk_mpll为经过MPLL锁相环倍频出时钟，clk_upll为由UPLL锁相环倍频出时钟UCLK，clk_f为内核时钟，即主频，clk_h为HCLK（AHB总线外设时钟）clk_p为PCLK（APB总线外设时钟）

int__init s3c24xx_register_baseclocks(unsigned longxtal) {     printk(KERN_INFO"S3C24XX Clocks,(c) 2004 Simtec Electronics\n");     clk_xtal.rate= xtal;       /* register our clocks */       if (s3c24xx_register_clock(&clk_xtal) < 0)        printk(KERN_ERR"failed to register master xtal\n");       if (s3c24xx_register_clock(&clk_mpll) < 0)        printk(KERN_ERR"failed to register mpll clock\n");       if (s3c24xx_register_clock(&clk_upll) < 0)        printk(KERN_ERR"failed to register upll clock\n");       if (s3c24xx_register_clock(&clk_f) < 0)        printk(KERN_ERR"failed to register cpu fclk\n");       if (s3c24xx_register_clock(&clk_h) < 0)        printk(KERN_ERR"failed to register cpu hclk\n");       if (s3c24xx_register_clock(&clk_p) < 0)        printk(KERN_ERR"failed to register cpu pclk\n");       return 0; }

struct clk {     struct list_head      list;     struct module        *owner;     struct clk           *parent;     const char           *name;     int          id;     int          usage;     unsigned long         rate;     unsigned long         ctrlbit;       int        (*enable)(struct clk *, int enable);     int        (*set_rate)(struct clk *c, unsigned long rate);     unsigned long     (*get_rate)(struct clk *c);     unsigned long     (*round_rate)(struct clk *c, unsigned long rate);     int        (*set_parent)(struct clk *c, struct clk *parent); };

clock.c文件定义一个list_head的链表，s3c24xx_register_clock函数会将clk结 构体的变量加入到这个链表中，函数定义如下

static LIST_HEAD(clocks); ints3c24xx_register_clock(structclk *clk) {     if (clk->enable ==NULL)        clk->enable= clk_null_enable;       /* add to the list of available clocks */     /* Quick check to see if this clock has already been registered. */     BUG_ON(clk->list.prev != clk->list.next);       spin_lock(&clocks_lock);     list_add(&clk->list, &clocks);     spin_unlock(&clocks_lock);       return 0; }

各主时钟的定义如下：

struct clk clk_xtal = {    .name      = "xtal",    .id    = -1,    .rate      = 0,    .parent       = NULL,    .ctrlbit   = 0, };   struct clk clk_ext = {    .name      = "ext",    .id    = -1, };   struct clk clk_epll = {    .name      = "epll",    .id    = -1, };   struct clk clk_mpll = {    .name      = "mpll",    .id    = -1,    .set_rate  = clk_default_setrate, };   struct clk clk_upll = {    .name      = "upll",    .id    = -1,    .parent       = NULL,    .ctrlbit   = 0, };   struct clk clk_f = {    .name      = "fclk",    .id    = -1,    .rate      = 0,    .parent       = &clk_mpll,    .ctrlbit   = 0,    .set_rate  = clk_default_setrate, };   struct clk clk_h = {    .name      = "hclk",    .id    = -1,    .rate      = 0,    .parent       = NULL,    .ctrlbit   = 0,    .set_rate  = clk_default_setrate, };   struct clk clk_p = {    .name      = "pclk",    .id    = -1,    .rate      = 0,    .parent       = NULL,    .ctrlbit   = 0,    .set_rate  = clk_default_setrate, };   struct clk clk_usb_bus = {    .name      = "usb-bus",    .id    = -1,    .rate      = 0,    .parent       = &clk_upll, };       struct clk s3c24xx_uclk = {    .name      = "uclk",    .id    = -1, };

时钟注册进系统后便可以通过，内核的API来操作时钟了，struct clk *clk_get(struct device *dev, const char *id)函数来获取一个名为Id的clk结构体指针，然后可以通过clk_get_rate来获取该时钟的频率， 如:printk(KERN_DEBUG ”fclk=%d \n”,clk_get_rate(clk_get(NULL,”fclk”))); s3c244x_setup_clocks(void)会设置系统的基本时钟

void__init_or_cpufreq s3c244x_setup_clocks(void) {     struct clk*xtal_clk;     unsigned long clkdiv;     unsigned long camdiv;     unsigned long xtal;     unsigned long hclk,fclk, pclk;     int hdiv= 1;       xtal_clk= clk_get(NULL, "xtal");     xtal = clk_get_rate(xtal_clk);     clk_put(xtal_clk);       fclk = s3c24xx_get_pll(__raw_readl(S3C2410_MPLLCON), xtal)* 2;       clkdiv= __raw_readl(S3C2410_CLKDIVN);     camdiv= __raw_readl(S3C2440_CAMDIVN);       /* work out clock scalings */       switch (clkdiv & S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_MASK) {     case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_1:        hdiv= 1;        break;       case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_2:        hdiv= 2;        break;       case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_4_8:        hdiv= (camdiv & S3C2440_CAMDIVN_HCLK4_HALF) ? 8: 4;        break;       case S3C2440_CLKDIVN_HDIVN_3_6:        hdiv= (camdiv & S3C2440_CAMDIVN_HCLK3_HALF) ? 6: 3;        break;     }       hclk = fclk /hdiv;     pclk = hclk /((clkdiv & S3C2440_CLKDIVN_PDIVN) ? 2 :1);       /* print brief summary of clocks, etc */       printk("S3C244X:core %ld.%03ld MHz,memory %ld.%03ld MHz,peripheral %ld.%03ld MHz\n",            print_mhz(fclk), print_mhz(hclk), print_mhz(pclk));       s3c24xx_setup_clocks(fclk,hclk, pclk); }

s3c24xx_setup_clocks(fclk,hclk, pclk);它向链表中的相关变量赋值，定义如下：

void__init_or_cpufreq s3c24xx_setup_clocks(unsigned longfclk,                     unsigned long hclk,                     unsigned long pclk) {     clk_upll.rate= s3c24xx_get_pll(__raw_readl(S3C2410_UPLLCON),                   clk_xtal.rate);       clk_mpll.rate= fclk;     clk_h.rate= hclk;     clk_p.rate= pclk;     clk_f.rate= fclk; }

 

 

    s3c24xx_register_baseclocks(xtal); //完成祖宗级别时钟的注册 
    s3c244x_setup_clocks();//填充祖宗级别时钟结构，方便以后调用
    s3c2410_baseclk_add();//添加一些外设时钟结构到list中，并且关闭它们方便省电

本篇文章来源于 Linux公社网站(www.linuxidc.com)  原文链接：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-03/56418.htm