Ubuntu20 挂载磁盘

1、输入fdisk -l 找出刚挂载的磁盘

root@ecs-crm:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/loop0: 61.75 MiB, 64729088 bytes, 126424 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes




Disk /dev/loop1: 66.3 MiB, 69517312 bytes, 135776 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes




Disk /dev/loop2: 32.28 MiB, 33845248 bytes, 66104 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes




Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x713d4ca9


Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *     2048 83884031 83881984  40G 83 Linux




Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

2、fdisk /dev/vdb 进行分区 一次输入n p 1。 n为进行分区 p为分区类型是主分区 1为选择该分区的起始分区数

root@ecs-crm:~# fdisk /dev/vdb


Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x7062963a.


Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-1048575999, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-1048575999, default 1048575999):


Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 500 GiB.


Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

3、用fdisk -l 找出刚才的新分区 用mkfs格式化

root@ecs-crm:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)
Creating filesystem with 131071744 4k blocks and 32768000 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 18e67ca1-dc03-4aa2-998b-b923e7d422b7
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
    102400000


Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

4、挂载到目标目录

 root@ecs-crm:~# mount /dev/vdb1 /path/your/folder

5、修改/etc/fstab 追加 /dev/vdb1    /path/your/folder    ext4    defaults 1 2 

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
# / was on /dev/vda1 during installation
UUID=558c12b2-c059-4be7-936b-49bcbf3b52a7 /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
/dev/fd0        /media/floppy0  auto    rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0       0


/dev/vdb1       /root/application    ext4   defaults  1   2

格式说明：/dev/vdb1 代表哪个分区  ext4是该分区的格式 defaults 是挂载时所要设定的参数(只读，读写，启用quota等)，输入defaults包括的参数有(rw、dev、exec、auto、nouser、async) ，1是使用dump是否要记录，0是不要。 2是开机时检查的顺序，是boot系统文件就为1，其他文件系统都为2，如不要检查就为0