Spring-使用注解和配置文件配置事务

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-27 20:05:16 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-27 20:05:16 发布

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分类专栏： Spring 文章标签： Spring 事务

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需求图：

使用注解配置事务：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

public interface BookShopDao {

	//根据书号获取书的单价
	public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn);
	
	//更新数的库存. 使书号对应的库存 - 1
	public void updateBookStock(String isbn);
	
	//更新用户的账户余额: 使 username 的 balance - price
	public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price);
}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository("bookShopDao")
public class BookShopDaoImpl implements BookShopDao {

	@Autowired
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	
	@Override
	public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn) {
		String sql = "SELECT price FROM book WHERE isbn = ?";
		return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Integer.class, isbn);
	}

	@Override
	public void updateBookStock(String isbn) {
		//检查书的库存是否足够, 若不够, 则抛出异常
		String sql2 = "SELECT stock FROM book_stock WHERE isbn = ?";
		int stock = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Integer.class, isbn);
		if(stock == 0){
			throw new BookStockException("库存不足!");
		}
		
		String sql = "UPDATE book_stock SET stock = stock -1 WHERE isbn = ?";
		jdbcTemplate.update(sql, isbn);
	}

	@Override
	public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price) {
		//验证余额是否足够, 若不足, 则抛出异常
		String sql2 = "SELECT balance FROM account WHERE username = ?";
		int balance = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Integer.class, username);
		if(balance < price){
			throw new UserAccountException("余额不足!");
		}
		
		String sql = "UPDATE account SET balance = balance - ? WHERE username = ?";
		jdbcTemplate.update(sql, price, username);
	}

}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

public interface BookShopService {
	
	public void purchase(String username, String isbn);
	
}

事务配置的核心部分：

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service("bookShopService")
public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService {

	@Autowired
	private BookShopDao bookShopDao;
	
	//添加事务注解
	//1.使用 propagation 指定事务的传播行为, 即当前的事务方法被另外一个事务方法调用时
	//REQUIRED:为默认取值, 被调用的事务一个执行失败整个大事务就回滚
	//REQUIRES_NEW:调用的事务如果执行成功就保存结果不会被回滚，其他事务执行失败不会影响到它
	//2.使用 isolation 指定事务的隔离级别, 最常用的取值为 READ_COMMITTED
	//3.默认情况下 Spring 的声明式事务对所有的运行时异常进行回滚. 也可以通过对应的
	//属性进行设置. 通常情况下取默认值即可. 
	//4.使用 readOnly 指定事务是否为只读. 表示这个事务只读取数据但不更新数据, 
	//这样可以帮助数据库引擎优化事务. 若方法只读取数据库值, 应设置 readOnly=true
	//5.使用 timeout 指定事务最多可以占用的时间,若超过时间则强制回滚 
//	@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW,
//			isolation=Isolation.READ_COMMITTED,
//			noRollbackFor={UserAccountException.class})
	@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW,
			isolation=Isolation.READ_COMMITTED,
			readOnly=false,
			timeout=3)
	@Override
	public void purchase(String username, String isbn) {
		
		try {
			Thread.sleep(5000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
		
		//1. 获取书的单价
		int price = bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(isbn);
		
		//2. 更新数的库存
		bookShopDao.updateBookStock(isbn);
		
		//3. 更新用户余额
		bookShopDao.updateUserAccount(username, price);
	}

}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import java.util.List;

public interface Cashier {

	public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns);
	
}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service("cashier")
public class CashierImpl implements Cashier {

	@Autowired
	private BookShopService bookShopService;
	
	@Transactional
	@Override
	public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns) {
		for(String isbn: isbns){
			bookShopService.purchase(username, isbn);
		}
	}

}

package com.atguigu.spring.tx;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class SpringTransactionTest {

	private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
	private BookShopDao bookShopDao = null;
	private BookShopService bookShopService = null;
	private Cashier cashier = null;
	
	{
		ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		bookShopDao = ctx.getBean(BookShopDao.class);
		bookShopService = ctx.getBean(BookShopService.class);
		cashier = ctx.getBean(Cashier.class);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testTransactionlPropagation(){
		cashier.checkout("AA", Arrays.asList("1001", "1002"));
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testBookShopService(){
		bookShopService.purchase("AA", "1001");
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testBookShopDaoUpdateUserAccount(){
		bookShopDao.updateUserAccount("AA", 200);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testBookShopDaoUpdateBookStock(){
		bookShopDao.updateBookStock("1001");
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testBookShopDaoFindPriceByIsbn() {
		System.out.println(bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn("1001"));
	}

}

BookStockException、UserAccountException为自定义异常类！

配置文件：：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring"></context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
	
	<!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource"
		class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>

		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置 Spirng 的 JdbcTemplate -->
	<bean id="jdbcTemplate" 
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate, 该对象可以使用具名参数, 其没有无参数的构造器, 所以必须为其构造器指定参数 -->
	<bean id="namedParameterJdbcTemplate"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate">
		<constructor-arg ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>	
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" 
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 启用事务注解 -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
	
</beans>

配置文件（使用配置文件配置事务，以上类的注解需要全部删除）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring"></context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
	
	<!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource"
		class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>

		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置 Spirng 的 JdbcTemplate -->
	<bean id="jdbcTemplate" 
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置 bean -->
	<bean id="bookShopDao" class="com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.BookShopDaoImpl">
		<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="bookShopService" class="com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.impl.BookShopServiceImpl">
		<property name="bookShopDao" ref="bookShopDao"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="cashier" class="com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.impl.CashierImpl">
		<property name="bookShopService" ref="bookShopService"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 1. 配置事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 2. 配置事务属性 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<!-- 根据方法名指定事务的属性 -->
			<tx:method name="purchase" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
			<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="*"/>
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	
	<!-- 3. 配置事务切入点, 以及把事务切入点和事务属性关联起来 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.atguigu.spring.tx.xml.service.*.*(..))" 
			id="txPointCut"/>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>	
	</aop:config>
	
</beans>

：

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Spring-使用注解和配置文件配置事务

需求图：使用注解配置事务：package com.atguigu.spring.tx;public interface BookShopDao { //根据书号获取书的单价 public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn); //更新数的库存. 使书号对应的库存 - 1 public void updateBookStock(String i...
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