spring+springdatajpa+freemarker

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-17 16:46:58 发布

西门大扫雪

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-17 16:46:58 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/x6587305x/article/details/8648958

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最近需要使用springMVC 使用 spring data jpa作为dao层。以前没有接触过。赶紧学学。记录一下。

spring data 帮我们封装了很多dao层实现。让我们只需要定义接口就可以直接使用很多基本的查询。

自己从0开始建项目熟悉一下框架的搭建。使用的 eclipse for javaee 。使用 maven管理。

首先建立一个maven项目。

添加 web.xml 作为 web应用的核心配置。这个可不能少。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
  <display-name>test2</display-name>
  	<!-- 编码过滤。 使用 utf-8编码 -->
  	<filter>
	  <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
	  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
	  <init-param>
	    <param-name>encoding</param-name>
	    <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
	  </init-param>
	  <init-param>
	    <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
	    <param-value>true</param-value>
	  </init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
	  <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
	  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	
	<!-- spring的核心控制器配置。 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>spring-servlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 配置文件的位置。默认 好像是 ApplicationContext.xml？ 不太确定 太久不用默认的了 反正我都是自己配置一个新的 -->
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet-config.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>spring-servlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

建立 spring-servlet-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd">
	<!--配置文件 -->	
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties"/>
	
	<context:annotation-config />
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
	<!-- 扫描这个包下面的注解，自动注入bean -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.aurora.test2" />
        <!-- 将配置文件分开 便于管理 -->
	<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
   	<import resource="spring-orm.xml"/>
</beans>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="viewResolver"  
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">  
        <property name="cache" value="true" />  
        <property name="prefix" value="" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />  
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></property>  
        <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="request" />  
        <property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true" />  
        <property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true" />  
        <property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true" />  
    </bean>  
     <bean id="multipartResolver" 
           class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1000000"/>
     </bean>
       
    <bean id="freemarkerConfiguration" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
    	<property name="location" value="classpath:freemarker.properties"/>
	</bean>
    
    
	<bean id="freemarkerConfig"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
		<property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
		<property name="freemarkerSettings" ref="freemarkerConfiguration"/>
	</bean>
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
	<mvc:resources location="/images/**" mapping="/images/"/>
	<mvc:resources location="/uploads/**" mapping="/uploads/"/>
</beans>

spring-orm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd" >

    <bean
        id="dataSource"
        class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
        destroy-method="close"
        init-method="init" >

        <property
            name="url"
            value="${jdbc.url}" />

        <property
            name="username"
            value="${jdbc.user}" />

        <property
            name="password"
            value="${jdbc.password}" />

        <property
            name="filters"
            value="stat" />

        <property
            name="maxActive"
            value="20" />

        <property
            name="initialSize"
            value="1" />

        <property
            name="maxWait"
            value="60000" />

        <property
            name="minIdle"
            value="1" />

        <property
            name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis"
            value="3000" />

        <property
            name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis"
            value="300000" />

        <property
            name="validationQuery"
            value="SELECT 'x'" />

        <property
            name="testWhileIdle"
            value="true" />

        <property
            name="testOnBorrow"
            value="false" />

        <property
            name="testOnReturn"
            value="false" />

        <property
            name="poolPreparedStatements"
            value="true" />

        <property
            name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
            value="20" />
    </bean>

    <!-- entity manager config -->

    <bean
        id="emf"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
        p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

    <!-- transaction manager config -->

    <bean
        id="txManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"
        p:entityManagerFactory-ref="emf" />

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />

    <jpa:repositories
        base-package="com.aurora.test2.dao"
        entity-manager-factory-ref="emf"
        transaction-manager-ref="txManager" />

</beans>

config.properties

#jdbc
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:1521:xxxx
jdbc.user=xxx
jdbc.password=xxx

freemarker.properties

tag_syntax=auto_detect
template_update_delay=2
default_encoding=UTF-8
output_encoding=UTF-8
locale=zh_CN
date_format=yyyy-MM-dd
time_format=HH:mm:ss
datetime_format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss

hibernate.properties

hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true

还需要在 resources/META-INF/ 下面配置 persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.0"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">

	<persistence-unit name="xiaoyu" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
		<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
	</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

需要在 pom.xml 里面添加依赖包

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
  		<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
  		<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
  		<version>1.0.9</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  		<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
  		<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
  		<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
  		<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
  		<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
  		<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
  		<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
  		<version>1.3.0.RELEASE</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
  		<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
  		<version>4.1.9.Final</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
  		<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
  		<version>2.3.19</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
  		<artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
  		<version>1</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  		<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
  		<version>0.2.11</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
  		<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
  		<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
  		<version>1.2.2</version>
  	</dependency>
  	<dependency>
		<groupId>mysql</groupId>
		<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		<version>5.1.23</version>
	</dependency>
  </dependencies>

还需要注意一点之前我们配置freemarker的根目录

	<bean id="freemarkerConfig"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
		<property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
		<property name="freemarkerSettings" ref="freemarkerConfiguration"/>
	</bean>

所以必须要在 /web-inf/ 目录下建立 view文件夹。

ok 运行一下项目启动了。环境就搭好了。

下面开始添加java代码注意刚刚配置了注解注入的包路径是

<context:component-scan base-package="com.aurora.test2" />

所以我们的java代码的包路径必须是这个。

在该包下建立 mvc看框架. controller 包. dao包 entity 包 service包

controller

package com.aurora.test.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/test")  //控制器map
public class TestController {
	
	//@Autowired
	//private FeedbackService feedbackService;  //注入 服务
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/list") //请求map
	public ModelAndView list() {
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
		mv.setViewName("test_list");
		//mv.addObject("count", feedbackService.count());
		//mv.addObject("system",feedbackService.systemFeedback());
		//mv.addObject("named",feedbackService.testNamed());
		return mv;
	}

	@RequestMapping(value="/list/{id}")
	public ModelAndView userList(@PathVariable Long id) {
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
		mv.setViewName("user_list");
		//mv.addObject("feedbacks", feedbackService.userFeedbacks(id));
		return mv;
	}
}

service层

FeedbackService.java

package com.aurora.test.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.aurora.test.dao.FeedbackRepository;
import com.aurora.test.dao.UserRepository;
import com.aurora.test.entity.Feedback;
import com.aurora.test.entity.User;

@Service
@Transactional
public class FeedbackService {
	@Autowired
	private FeedbackRepository feedbackRepository;
	@Autowired
	private UserRepository userRepository;
	
	public long count() {
		return feedbackRepository.count();
	}
	
	public Feedback systemFeedback() {
		return feedbackRepository.systemFeedback();
	}
	
	public List<Feedback> userFeedbacks(Long userId) {
		User user = userRepository.findOne(userId);
		return feedbackRepository.findByUser(user);
	}
	
	public Feedback testNamed() {
		return feedbackRepository.testNamed();
	}
}

entity 建立了2个简单的单表映射就不写了。

主要是dao层。 spring data 是只需要写接口就可以了。

一个简单的例子

package com.aurora.test2.dao;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import com.aurora.test2.entity.User;

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

}

这样就可以了可以使用默认的很多方法。绝大部分这就已经足够了。基本的增删查改甚至分页什么的都可以了。但是也许你需要一些特殊的查询。比较复杂需要些sql。你可以这样

	@Query("from Feedback f where f.user.id=?1")
	public List<Feedback> listCunstom(Long userId);

一些参数可以这样

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

  @Query("select u from User u where u.firstname = :firstname or u.lastname = :lastname")
  User findByLastnameOrFirstname(@Param("lastname") String lastname,
                                 @Param("firstname") String firstname);
}

通过注解的 query 来写 hql语句就可以了。

还可以通过查询的方法名来实现一些查询。比如

findByUser(User user)

定义这个方法就可以了不用实现。spring data会自动帮你实现。只要你满足特定的格式。下面是一些关键字

Keyword	Sample	JPQL snippet
`And`	`findByLastnameAndFirstname`	`… where x.lastname = ?1 and x.firstname = ?2`
`Or`	`findByLastnameOrFirstname`	`… where x.lastname = ?1 or x.firstname = ?2`
`Between`	`findByStartDateBetween`	`… where x.startDate between 1? and ?2`
`LessThan`	`findByAgeLessThan`	`… where x.age < ?1`
`GreaterThan`	`findByAgeGreaterThan`	`… where x.age > ?1`
`After`	`findByStartDateAfter`	`… where x.startDate > ?1`
`Before`	`findByStartDateBefore`	`… where x.startDate < ?1`
`IsNull`	`findByAgeIsNull`	`… where x.age is null`
`IsNotNull,NotNull`	`findByAge(Is)NotNull`	`… where x.age not null`
`Like`	`findByFirstnameLike`	`… where x.firstname like ?1`
`NotLike`	`findByFirstnameNotLike`	`… where x.firstname not like ?1`
`StartingWith`	`findByFirstnameStartingWith`	`… where x.firstname like ?1` (parameter bound with appended `%`)
`EndingWith`	`findByFirstnameEndingWith`	`… where x.firstname like ?1` (parameter bound with prepended `%`)
`Containing`	`findByFirstnameContaining`	`… where x.firstname like ?1` (parameter bound wrapped in `%`)
`OrderBy`	`findByAgeOrderByLastnameDesc`	`… where x.age = ?1 order by x.lastname desc`
`Not`	`findByLastnameNot`	`… where x.lastname <> ?1`
`In`	`findByAgeIn(Collection<Age> ages)`	`… where x.age in ?1`
`NotIn`	`findByAgeNotIn(Collection<Age> age)`	`… where x.age not in ?1`
`True`	`findByActiveTrue()`	`… where x.active = true`
`False`	`findByActiveFalse()`	`… where x.active = false`

还有另外一种我不是很喜欢用通过

@NamedQuery 来这个跟以前的一样。就是在entity上面使用 @NamedQuery 定义语句。然后在借口里面也定义这个方法就可以了。

官方例子

@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByEmailAddress",
  query = "select u from User u where u.emailAddress = ?1")
public class User {

}

dao层

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

  List<User> findByLastname(String lastname);

  User findByEmailAddress(String emailAddress);
}

如果这些都不能满足你的需求（一般情况肯定够用了）
想要不适用 springdata 的就用原来的 jpa 就需要这样了。

像普通的 dao 层一样定义一个接口 FeedbackDao.java 实现类 FeedbackRepositoryImpl.java

然后在定义一个接口 UserRepository.java extends JpaRepository<Feedback, Long>,FeedbackDao

我们使用 UserRepository接口就可以使用自定义的方法和自动实现的方法。很方便。

西门大扫雪

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spring+springdatajpa+freemarker

最近需要使用springMVC 使用 spring data jpa作为dao层。以前没有接触过。赶紧学学。记录一下。spring data 帮我们封装了很多dao层实现。让我们只需要定义接口就可以直接使用很多基本的查询。自己从0开始建项目熟悉一下框架的搭建。使用的 eclipse for javaee 。使用 maven管理。首先建立一个maven项目。添加 web.
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