基本要求:
为复数定义一个类。重载输入和输出运算符>>和<<。实现复数的+,-,*,/等运算。输出复数时,应对实部和虚部的各种情况加以讨论。以便能输出2,2+3i,2-3i,5i,-8i,i与-i这样的复数。
复数的四则运算可以按如下方式进行:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<windows.h>
//复数类
class complexnumber
{
private:
float real;
float imag;
public:
friend istream& operator >>(istream& in,complexnumber &temple);//重载输入运算符
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream& out,complexnumber &temple);//重载输出运算符
friend complexnumber operator +(complexnumber t1,complexnumber t2);//重载加法运算符
friend complexnumber operator -(complexnumber t1,complexnumber t2);//重载减法运算符
friend complexnumber operator *(complexnumber t1,complexnumber t2);//重载乘法运算符
friend complexnumber operator /(complexnumber t1,complexnumber t2);//重载除法运算符
};
//重载输入运算符
istream& operator >>(istream& in,complexnumber &temple)
{
cout<<"实部 虚部"<<endl;
in>>temple.real>>temple.imag;
return in;
}
//重载输出运算符
ostream& operator <<(ostream& out,complexnumber &temple)
{
if(temple.real==0)
{
if(temple.imag==0)
{
cout<<0<<endl;
}
else if(temple.imag==1)
{
out<<"i"<<endl;
}
else if(temple.imag==-1)
{
out<<"-i"<<endl;
}
else
{
out<<temple.imag<<"i"<<endl;
}
}
else
{
out<<temple.real;
if(temple.imag>0)
{
out<<"+";
}
if(temple.imag!=0)
{
out<<temple.imag<<"i"<<endl;
}
}
return out;
}
//重载加法运算符
complexnumber operator +(complexnumber t1,complexnumber t2)
{
complexnumber temple;
temple.real=t1.real+t2.real;
temple.imag=t1.imag+t2.imag;
return temple;
}
//重载减法运算符
complexnumber operator -(complexnumber t1,complexnumber t2)
{
complexnumber temple;
temple.real=t1.real-t2.real;
temple.imag=t1.imag-t2.imag;
return temple;
}
//重载乘法运算符
complexnumber operator *(complexnumber t1,complexnumber t2)
{
complexnumber temple;
temple.real=(t1.real*t2.real)-(t1.imag*t2.imag);
temple.imag=(t1.imag*t2.real)+(t1.real*t2.imag);
return temple;
}
//重载除法运算符
complexnumber operator /(complexnumber t1,complexnumber t2)
{
complexnumber temple;
temple.real=((t1.real*t2.real)+(t1.imag*t2.imag))/((t2.real*t2.real)+(t2.imag*t2.imag));
temple.imag=((t1.imag*t2.real)-(t1.real*t2.imag))/((t2.real*t2.real)+(t2.imag*t2.imag));
return temple;
}
int main()
{
system("color f3");
int select;
complexnumber ob1,ob2,ob;
do
{
cout<<"*******************************"<<endl;//菜单
cout<<"* 复数计算器 *"<<endl;
cout<<"*******************************"<<endl;
cout<<"*1------------------------加法*"<<endl;
cout<<"*2------------------------减法*"<<endl;
cout<<"*3------------------------乘法*"<<endl;
cout<<"*4------------------------除法*"<<endl;
cout<<"*0------------------------退出*"<<endl;
cout<<"*******************************"<<endl;
cout<<"请输入你的选择:";
cin>>select;
switch(select)
{
case 1: cout<<endl<<"加法:"<<endl;
cout<<"请输入第一个复数的值:"<<endl;
cin>>ob1;
cout<<"第一个复数为:"<<ob1<<endl;
cout<<"请输入第二个复数的值:"<<endl;
cin>>ob2;
cout<<"第二个复数为:"<<ob2<<endl;
system("pause");
ob=ob1+ob2;
system("cls");
cout<<"第一个复数为:"<<ob1<<endl;
cout<<"第二个复数为:"<<ob2<<endl;
cout<<"两数之和为:"<<ob<<endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
case 2: cout<<endl<<"减法:"<<endl;
cout<<"请输入第一个复数的值:"<<endl;
cin>>ob1;
cout<<"第一个复数为:"<<ob1<<endl;
cout<<"请输入第二个复数的值:"<<endl;
cin>>ob2;
cout<<"第二个复数为:"<<ob2<<endl;
system("pause");
ob=ob1-ob2;
system("cls");
cout<<"第一个复数为:"<<ob1<<endl;
cout<<"第二个复数为:"<<ob2<<endl;
cout<<"两数之差为:"<<ob<<endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
case 3: cout<<endl<<"乘法:"<<endl;
cout<<"请输入第一个复数的值:"<<endl;
cin>>ob1;
cout<<"第一个复数为:"<<ob1<<endl;
cout<<"请输入第二个复数的值:"<<endl;
cin>>ob2;
cout<<"第二个复数为:"<<ob2<<endl;
system("pause");
ob=ob1*ob2;
system("cls");
cout<<"第一个复数为:"<<ob1<<endl;
cout<<"第二个复数为:"<<ob2<<endl;
cout<<"两数之积为:"<<ob<<endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
case 4: cout<<endl<<"除法:"<<endl;
cout<<"请输入第一个复数的值:"<<endl;
cin>>ob1;
cout<<"第一个复数为:"<<ob1<<endl;
cout<<"请输入第二个复数的值:"<<endl;
cin>>ob2;
cout<<"第二个复数为:"<<ob2<<endl;
system("pause");
ob=ob1/ob2;
system("cls");
cout<<"第一个复数为:"<<ob1<<endl;
cout<<"第二个复数为:"<<ob2<<endl;
cout<<"两数之商为:"<<ob<<endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}while(select!=0);
system("cls");
cout<<"欢迎使用!!"<<endl;
return 0;
}