switch 优化

switch 优化

if-else源代码

public class IfElseDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a=1;
        if(a==1){
            System.out.println(1);
        }else if (a==2){
            System.out.println(2);
        }else if(a==3) {
            System.out.println(3);
        }else if (a==4) {
            System.out.println(4);
        }else {
            System.out.println(5);
        }

    }
}

字节码

  0: iconst_1
         1: istore_1
         2: iload_1
         3: iconst_1
         4: if_icmpne     17
         7: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        10: iconst_1
        11: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        14: goto          69
        17: iload_1
        18: iconst_2
        19: if_icmpne     32
        22: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        25: iconst_2
        26: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        29: goto          69
        32: iload_1
        33: iconst_3
        34: if_icmpne     47
        37: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        40: iconst_3
        41: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        44: goto          69
        47: iload_1
        48: iconst_4
        49: if_icmpne     62
        52: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        55: iconst_4
        56: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        59: goto          69
        62: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        65: iconst_5
        66: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        69: return

switch 源代码

public class SwitchTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a=1;
        switch (a){
            case 1:
                System.out.println(1);
                break;
            case 2:
                System.out.println(2);
                break;
            case 3:
                System.out.println(3);
                break;
            case 4:
                System.out.println(4);
                break;
            default:
                System.out.println(5);
                break;
        }
    }
}

switch 字节码

  0: iconst_1
         1: istore_1
         2: iload_1
         3: tableswitch   { // 1 to 4
                       1: 32
                       2: 42
                       3: 52
                       4: 62
                 default: 72
            }
        32: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        35: iconst_1
        36: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        39: goto          79
        42: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        45: iconst_2
        46: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        49: goto          79
        52: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        55: iconst_3
        56: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        59: goto          79
        62: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        65: iconst_4
        66: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        69: goto          79
        72: getstatic     #7                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        75: iconst_5
        76: invokevirtual #13                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
        79: return

总结

通过看上面的字节码，可以看出switch 代码在编译阶段进行了优化，添加了一个table表，只需要进行一次hash查表就可以跳转到相应代码的位置，不需要像if-else 一样一个个进行判断。