centos7+zabbix5.0+Grafana部署方案

xchj1983

已于 2024-01-31 13:48:45 修改

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文章标签： linux 运维服务器

于 2024-01-31 13:45:47 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xchj1983/article/details/135951700

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[08:37:53][root@localhost ~]# ip addr show查看服务器ip地址

[08:37:53]1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000

[08:37:53] link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

[08:37:53] inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

[08:37:53] valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[08:37:53] inet6 ::1/128 scope host

[08:37:53] valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[08:37:53]2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000

[08:37:53] link/ether 00:0c:29:65:a7:5b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

[08:37:53] inet 192.168.60.133/24 brd 192.168.60.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens33

[08:37:53] valid_lft 1649sec preferred_lft 1649sec

[08:37:53] inet6 fe80::9f3:28d6:bbf1:66f4/64 scope link noprefixroute

[08:37:53] valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[08:37:53]3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000

[08:37:53] link/ether 00:0c:29:65:a7:65 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

[08:37:53] inet 192.168.60.132/24 brd 192.168.60.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens37

[08:37:53] valid_lft 1466sec preferred_lft 1466sec

[08:37:53] inet6 fe80::cb5a:6a96:309b:d962/64 scope link noprefixroute

[08:37:53] valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[09:57:44][root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep zabbix查询已经安装的包

[09:57:44]zabbix-release.noarch 4.0-2.el8 installed

[09:58:05][root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove zabbix-release.noarch删除已经安装的包

........

[09:58:06]Complete!

[09:59:36][root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable -now firewalld

[09:59:36]Too few arguments.

[10:00:26][root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname zbx-server

[10:00:58][root@localhost ~]# su

[10:03:27][root@zbx-server ~]#

[10:03:27][root@zbx-server ~]# yum install ntpdate 安装包否则 # ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com 无法执行

.........

[10:03:46]Complete!

[10:04:13][root@zbx-server ~]# ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com 设置同步时间

[10:04:20]26 Jan 10:04:19 ntpdate[9292]: adjust time server 203.107.6.88 offset 0.095264 sec

[10:06:26][root@zbx-server ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld 切换防火墙类型

[10:06:26]Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.

[10:06:26]Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

[10:06:38][root@zbx-server ~]# setenforce 0 临时关闭防火墙

[10:06:44][root@zbx-server ~]# su

[10:07:26][root@zbx-server ~]# rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm 获取下载源

[10:07:26]Retrieving https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm

[10:07:28]warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.BH6nQw: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY

[10:07:28]Preparing... ################################# [100%]

[10:07:28]Updating / installing...

[10:07:28] 1:zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7 ################################# [100%]

#更换 zabbix.repo 为阿里源

[10:08:58][root@zbx-server ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d

[10:09:32][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's# http://repo.zabbix.com#https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix# ' zabbix.repo

[10:09:44][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# yum clean all && yum makecache

[10:10:31][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-agent

[10:10:31]Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

[10:10:31]Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

............

[10:10:35]

[10:10:35]Complete!

#安装SCL(Software Collections)，便于后续安装高版本的 php，默认 yum 安装的 php 版本为 5.4，版本过低，zabbix 5.0 版本对 php 版本最低要 7.2.0 版本。SCL 可以使得在同一台机器上使用多个版本的软件，而又不会影响整个系统的依赖环境。软件包会安装在 /etc/opt/rh/ 目录下。

[10:10:47][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# yum install -y centos-release-scl

[10:10:47]Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

[10:10:47]Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

............

[10:10:47]

[10:10:47]Complete!

还需要修改一下zabbix源，开启前端环境下载

[10:12:12][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo

[10:12:12][zabbix]

[10:12:12]name=Zabbix Official Repository - $basearch

[10:12:12]baseurl= https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/

[10:12:12]enabled=1

[10:12:12]gpgcheck=1

[10:12:12]gpgkey= file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591

[10:12:12]

[10:12:12][zabbix-frontend]

[10:12:12]name=Zabbix Official Repository frontend - $basearch

[10:12:12]baseurl= https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/frontend

[10:12:12 ]enabled=1 改为1 并保存：wq

[10:12:12]gpgcheck=1

[10:12:12]gpgkey= file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591

[10:12:12]

[10:12:12][zabbix-debuginfo]

[10:12:12]name=Zabbix Official Repository debuginfo - $basearch

[10:12:12]baseurl= https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/debuginfo/

[10:12:12]enabled=0

[10:12:12]gpgkey= file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591

[10:12:12]gpgcheck=1

[10:12:12]

[10:12:12][zabbix-non-supported]

[10:12:12]name=Zabbix Official Repository non-supported - $basearch

[10:12:12]baseurl= https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/non-supported/rhel/7/$basearch/

[10:12:12]enabled=1

[10:12:12]gpgkey= file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX

[10:12:12]gpgcheck=1

批量替换内容

:%s#https://repo.zabbix.com#https:// mirrors.aliyun.com /zabbix#g

:s#enabled=0#enabled=1#g

#安装前端环境

[10:13:57][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zabbix-web-mysql-scl zabbix-apache-conf-scl

..........

[10:14:37]Complete! 安装成功

#安装 zabbix 所需的数据库

[10:14:48][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# yum install -y mariadb-server mariadb

[10:14:49]Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

.................

[10:15:10]Complete!

[10:15:18][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable --now mariadb

[10:15:18]Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.

#初始化数据库

[10:15:43][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# mysql_secure_installation

[10:15:43]

[10:15:43]NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB

[10:15:43] SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

[10:15:43]

[10:15:43]In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current

[10:15:43]password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and

[10:15:43]you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,

[10:15:43]so you should just press enter here.

[10:15:43]

[10:15:54]Enter current password for root (enter for none): 回车

[10:15:54]OK, successfully used password, moving on...

[10:15:54]

[10:15:54]Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB

[10:15:54]root user without the proper authorisation.

[10:15:54]

[10:16:05]Set root password? [Y/n] y

[10:16:18]New password: 设置root用户密码

[10:16:22]Re-enter new password:

[10:16:22]Password updated successfully!

[10:16:22]Reloading privilege tables..

[10:16:22] ... Success!

[10:16:22]

[10:16:22]By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone

[10:16:22]to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for

[10:16:22]them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation

[10:16:22]go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a

[10:16:22]production environment.

[10:16:22]

[10:16:43]Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y 是否移除匿名用户

[10:16:43] ... Success!

[10:16:43]

[10:16:43]Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This

[10:16:43]ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

[10:16:43]

[10:16:53] Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n 是否允许root远程访问

[10:16:53] ... skipping.

[10:16:53]

[10:16:53]By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can

[10:16:53]access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed

[10:16:53]before moving into a production environment.

[10:16:53]

[10:17:00]Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y 是否移除默认存在的test数据库

[10:17:00] - Dropping test database...

[10:17:00] ... Success!

[10:17:00] - Removing privileges on test database...

[10:17:00] ... Success!

[10:17:00]

[10:17:00]Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far

[10:17:00]will take effect immediately.

[10:17:00]

[10:17:04]Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y 是否刷新表权限

[10:17:04] ... Success!

[10:17:04]

[10:17:04]Cleaning up...

[10:17:04]

[10:17:04]All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB

[10:17:04]installation should now be secure.

[10:17:04]

[10:17:04]Thanks for using MariaDB! 完成数据库初始化

[10:18:59][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# mysql -u root -pzabbix 登录数据库

[10:18:59]Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

[10:18:59]Your MariaDB connection id is 9

[10:18:59]Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

[10:18:59]

[10:18:59]Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

[10:54:30]MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; 创建 zabbix 数据库 Utf8字符集，用于更好的支持中文界面

[10:54:30]Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

[10:54:30]

[10:57:45]MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'%' identified by 'zabbix'; 为zabbix用户授权zabbix库中的所有表，允许所有地址访问，密码设置为zabbix

[10:57:45]Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[10:57:45]

[10:58:08]MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; 刷新授权

[10:58:08]Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[10:58:08]

[10:58:15]MariaDB [(none)]> quit; 退出

[10:58:15]Bye

#导入数据库信息进入 create.sql.gz 所在的目录执行数据导入命令

[11:02:04][root@zbx-server yum.repos.d]# cd /usr/share/doc/ zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.40 进入文件夹

[11:03:17][root@zbx-server zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.40]# ls 列出文件内容准备导入数据

[11:03:17]AUTHORS ChangeLog COPYING create.sql.gz double.sql NEWS README

[11:08:58][root@zbx-server zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.40]# zcat create.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -pzabbix zabbix 导入数据

[11:09:11][root@zbx-server zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.40]# cd /

[11:09:39][root@zbx-server /]# mysql -uroot -pzabbix

[11:09:39]Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

[11:09:39]Your MariaDB connection id is 16

[11:09:39]Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

[11:09:39]

[11:09:39]Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

[11:09:39]

[11:09:54]MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix 进入zabbix库

[11:09:54]Reading table information for completion of table and column names

[11:09:54]You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

[11:09:54]

[11:09:54]Database changed

[11:10:03]MariaDB [zabbix]> show tables; 查看zabbix库中是否有导入成功的表

[11:10:03]+----------------------------+

[11:10:03]| Tables_in_zabbix |

[11:10:03]+----------------------------+

.................

[11:10:03]+----------------------------+

[11:10:03]166 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[11:10:03]

[11:10:21]MariaDB [zabbix]> quit 退出zabbix数据库

[11:10:21]Bye

#修改 zabbix server 配置文件，修改数据库登录账号root和密码zabbix，否则zabbix-server无法启动无10051端口

[11:10:57][root@zbx-server /]# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

#数据库配置

[11:12:03]DBName= zabbix

[11:12:06]DBUser= root

[11:12:11]DBPassword= zabbix

#缓存配置

[15:36:50]### Option: CacheSize

[15:36:50]# Size of configuration cache, in bytes.

[15:36:50]# Shared memory size for storing host, item and trigger data.

[15:36:50]#

[15:36:50]# Mandatory: no

[15:36:50]# Range: 128K-64G

[15:36:50]# Default:

[15:36:50 ] CacheSize=4096M

# 修改 zabbix 的 php 配置文件

[11:14:01][root@zbx-server /]# vi /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf

[11:14:01] php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai #24行，取消；注释，修改时区

# 启动 zabbix 相关服务

[11:15:27][root@zbx-server /]# systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm

[11:16:04][root@zbx-server /]# systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm

[11:18:49][root@zbx-server /]# ip addr show 查看服务器地址

浏览器访问zabbix： http://192.168.60.133/zabbix

默认填写数据库zabbix 用户名 root 密码 zabbix

默认管理账号Admin密码zabbix 账号区分大小写

安装图形界面中文支持

[11:38:22][root@zbx-server /]# yum install -y wqy-microhei-fonts

...............

[11:38:36]Complete!

[11:38:43][root@zbx-server /]# \cp -f /usr/share/fonts/wqy-microhei/wqy-microhei.ttc /usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf

[11:45:17][root@zbx-server /]# yum install -y net-tools 安装netstat包

................

[11:45:20]Complete!

[11:45:26][root@zbx-server /]# netstat -an | grep LIS 查询监听的当前端口,确认10051端口是否存在，不存在代表 zabbix-server 服务器未启动

[15:52:45]tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

[15:52:45]tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

[15:52:45]tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

[15:52:46]tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

[15:52:46]tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

[15:52:46]tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

[15:52:46]tcp 0 52 192.168.60.133:22 192.168.60.1:57252 ESTABLISHED

[15:52:46]tcp6 0 0 :::10050 :::* LISTEN

[15:52:46]tcp6 0 0 :::10051 :::* LISTEN

[15:52:46]tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN

[15:52:46]tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN

[15:52:46]tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN

[15:52:54][root@zbx-server ~]# netstat -tnlp|grep -w 10051 查询10051端口是否存在，不存在代表 zabbix-server 服务器未启动

[15:52:54]tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1508/zabbix_server

[15:52:54]tcp6 0 0 :::10051 :::* LISTEN 1508/zabbix_server

[12:00:58][root@zbx-server /]# vi /etc/zabbix/web/zabbix.conf.php 查看配置文件是否正确

[12:00:58]<?php

[12:00:58]// Zabbix GUI configuration file.

[12:00:58]

[12:00:58]$DB['TYPE'] = ' MYSQL';

[12:00:58]$DB['SERVER'] = 'localhost';

[12:00:58]$DB['PORT'] = '0';

[12:00:58]$DB['DATABASE'] = 'zabbix';

[12:00:58]$DB['USER'] = 'root';

[12:00:58]$DB['PASSWORD'] = 'zabbix';

[12:00:58]

[15:24:42][root@zbx-server ~]# getenforce 查看防火墙状态

[15:24:42]Enforcing

[15:27:38][root@zbx-server ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config 修改防火墙配置文件关闭防火墙

[15:27:38]# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

[15:27:38]# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

[15:27:38]# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

[15:27:38]# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

[15:27:38]# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

[15:27:38]#SELINUX=enforcing

[15:27:38]SELINUX= Disabled 关闭防火墙，该方法关闭防火墙后需要重启服务器

[15:27:38]# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:

[15:27:38]# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

[15:27:38]# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.

[15:27:38]# mls - Multi Level Security protection.

[15:27:38]SELINUXTYPE=targeted

[15:30:18][root@zbx-server ~]# reboot 重启服务器

[15:30:18]PolicyKit daemon disconnected from the bus.

[15:30:18]We are no longer a registered authentication agent.

[15:31:57][20240126_15:31:57]

[15:31:57]Last login: Fri Jan 26 15:31:44 2024 from 192.168.60.1

[15:32:10][root@zbx-server ~]# getenforce 查看防火墙状态

[15:32:10] Disabled

[15:43:46][root@zbx-server ~]# cat /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log 查看 zabbix_server.log 分析错误

[15:43:46] 10380:20240126:111527.084 using configuration file: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

[15:43:46] 10380:20240126:111527.091 [Z3001] connection to database 'zabbix' failed: [1045] Access denied for user 'zabbix'@'localhost' (using password: YES) 服务器密码错误

[15:43:46] 10380:20240126:111527.091 database is down: reconnecting in 10 seconds

Grafana官方安装说明Download Grafana | Grafana Labs

Centos yum安装

[13:53:13][root@zbx-server ~]# sudo yum install -y https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise-10.3.1-1.x86_64.rpm

[13:53:13]Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

[13:53:40]grafana-enterprise-10.3.1-1.x86_64.rpm | 105 MB 00:00:23

........

[13:54:14]Dependency Updated:

[13:54:14] freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-14.el7_9.1

[13:54:14]

[13:54:14]Complete!

[13:54:42][root@zbx-server ~]# service grafana-server restart

[13:54:44]Restarting grafana-server (via systemctl): [ OK ]

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centos7+zabbix5.0+Grafana部署方案

安装SCL(Software Collections)，便于后续安装高版本的 php，默认 yum 安装的 php 版本为 5.4，版本过低，zabbix 5.0 版本对 php 版本最低要 7.2.0 版本。vi /etc/zabbix/web/zabbix.conf.php 查看配置文件是否正确。yum -y remove zabbix-release.noarch删除已经安装的包。cat /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log 查看。
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