重点:
A. ctrl+alt+F [1-6]切换文字模式控制台,要确认在哪个console下,输入 tty查看;如果X模式开启ctrl-alt-F7到图形界面。
B.使用 startx 指令起动至Xorg
C. passwd命令 例:[xencao@localhost ~]# passwd user1
Unit1—Overview
1.Unix history
First version created by Bell Labs - 1969
贝尔实验室隶属于AT&T,AT&T licensed source code for low cost.
AT&T注册UNIX
2.Unix principles(特色)
1>Everything is a fle(including hardware)
2>Configuration data stored in text
3>Small,single-purpose programs(小程序,负责单一功能)
4>Avoid captive user interface(不需要使用者界面)
5>Ability to chain programs together to perform complex tasks.(窜联单一功能的小程序执行复杂的工作)
3.GNU Project/FSF
1>GNU project started in 1984.
Goal(目的):Create “free” UNIX clone(核心).建立开放自由的(free) unix系统。
By 1990,nearly all required userspace applications created.
2>Free software Foundation(自由软件基金会)
GNU计划的主要赞助单位,非营利组织。
4.GPL-GNU General Public License(版权声告)
修改经由GPL开发的软件,必挂上GPL成为自由软件。Often called”copyleft”
5.Linux Origins(起源)
Linux他爹:Linus Torvalds Finnish(芬兰) college student is 1991,created Linux kernel.
该核心集合了UNIX上使用的GUN软件。A free Unix-like OS.
6.Why linux?(特色)
1>Linux is a UNIX-like os
2>Multi-user and multi-tasking
3>Wide hardware support
4>Fully supported
7.Red Hat Enterprise Linux
8.Recommend Hardware Specifications(系统需求)
Pentium pro or better with 256MB RAM
or 64-bit Inter/AMD with 512MB RAM
2-6GB disk space
9.Local Logins
Text-mode login at Virtual console
Graphical login
10.Virtual Consoles
1>在non-GUI模式下允许多重登录。
2>There are by default 6 avaliable virtual consoles
3>Available through ctrl+alt+F [1-6]
要确认在哪个console下,输入 tty查看。
4>If X is runing,ctrl+alt+F7
11.The Xorg GUI Framework(Xorg:www.x.org ; GUI:Graphical User Interface ;Framework:框架 )
12.Xorg Graphical Environments:提供1.GnomE 2.KdE
13.Starting Xorg
If system boots to a virtual console login,
使用 startx 指令起动至Xorg
14.Chang Your password
use passwd
例:[xencao@localhost ~]# passwd user1