N+1查询问题

一、概述

N+1的问题主要出现在发起关联查询时，例如：

select * from CUSTOMERS; 
select * from ORDERS where CUSTOMER_ID=1;
select * from ORDERS where CUSTOMER_ID=2;
select * from ORDERS where CUSTOMER_ID=3;
select * from ORDERS where CUSTOMER_ID=4;

二、出现场景

1、Hibernate的session缓存

2、mybatis的association关联配置

3、多层服务调用

二、解决办法

1、使用左外链接

select * from CUSTOMERS left outer join ORDERS 
on CUSTOMERS.ID=ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID 

2、两次查询

SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS  WHERE ...
SELECT * FROM ORDERS  WHERE CUSTOMER_ID  IN (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...)