对PDO的封装

class Mysql{
    static private $db; //数据引擎对象
    private $pdo;  //pdo 引擎对象
    private $table; //表名
    private $where = array("1=1");//条件
    private $data;//源数据

    //定义受保护的构造方法禁止外部使用
    private function __construct()
    {
        $this->pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=book",'root','');
        //$this->pdo->query("set names utf8");
    }

    //初始化mysql类、在类内部实例化mysql类
    static public function init(){
        //自身调用需使用self::调用自身、判断是否被实例化
        if(!self::$db){
            self::$db = new Mysql(); 
        }
        //已被实例化直接返回、外部即可直接使用
        return self::$db;
    }
    //原生SQL语句 直接执行；
    public function query($sql) 
    {
        //echo $sql.'<br>';
        $ch =  $this->pdo->query($sql);

        return $ch;
    }


    //查询多条
    public function select($table='',$data=array(),$limit=array()){
        //表名
        if(!empty($table)) $this->table($table);
        //条件
        if(!empty($data)) $this->where($data);

        //拼接where条件
        $where = implode(' AND ',$this->where);

        $limit_str = '';
        //偏移量
        if($limit){
            $limit_str = ' LIMIT '.$limit[0].','.$limit[1]; 
        }
        $sql = 'SELECT * FROM '.$this->table.' WHERE '.$where.$limit_str;
        //echo $sql;
        //绑定参数
        //dump($this->data);
        $item = $this->bind($sql,$this->data);
        //dump($item);
        $item->setFetchMode(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
        $data = $item->fetchAll();
        return $data;
    }

    //添加
    public function add($table,$data=array()) 
    {
        //获取添加的表名
        $this->table = $table;
        //echo $this->table;die;
        $data = $this->redun($data);
       // dump($data);
        //循环数据 生成 $key , $val ;
        $val = '';
        $key = '';
        foreach ($data as $k => $v) {
            $key .= $k.',';
            $val .= ':'.$k.',';
        }
        $val = trim($val,',');
        $key = trim($key,',');

        $sql = "INSERT INTO ".$table. '('.$key.') VALUES ('.$val.')';
        //echo $sql;die;
        //绑定参数
        $this->bind($sql,$data);

        //获取新插入的id
        return $this->pdo->lastInsertId();

    }
    public function del($table,$data=array()){
        //获取删除的表名
        $this->table = $table;

        $field=$this->field();

        $data = $this->redun($data);

        $sql = "delete from ".$table." where ". $field[0] ." in ( :".$field[0] .')';
        //绑定参数
        $ch = $this->bind($sql,$data);
        return $ch->rowCount();

    }

    public function save($table,$data=array()){
        //获取修改的表名
        $this->table = $table;
        //
        $data = $this->redun($data);

        $field=$this->field();

        //拼接where条件
        if(isset($data[$field[0]])){
            $where = ' where '.$field[0].' = :'.$field[0];
        }

        $sql = 'UPDATE '.$this->table . ' SET ';

        foreach ($data as $k => $v) {
            if ($k == $field[0]) continue;

                $sql .= $k ." = :".$k.",";
        }
        //echo $sql;
        $sql = trim($sql,',').$where;
        //绑定参数

         $ch = $this->bind($sql,$data);
         return $ch->rowCount();

    }

    //where条件
    public function where($data = array()){
        if (is_array($data)) {
            //把数据存入 
            $this->data = $data;

            $this->where[] = " 1=1 ";

            foreach ($data as $key => $val){
                $this->where[] = $key.'=:'.$key;
            }
        }
        if (is_string($data) && !empty($data)) {
            $arr = explode(' ',$data);
            $val  = trim($arr[2] , "'");

            $this->where[] = $arr[0].' '.$arr[1].' :'.$arr[0];

            $this->data[$arr[0]] = $val;
        }

        return $this;
    }

    //表名
    public function table($table = ''){
        $this->table = $table;
        return $this;
    }

    public function bind($sql, $data=array()) {
    $ch= $this->pdo->prepare($sql);
    if(!empty ($data)){
        foreach($data as $key=>$val){
            $ch->bindValue(':'.$key, $val);
            }
        }
    //执行返回状态
    //dump($sql);
    $ch->execute();
    //$ch->debugDumpParams();
    return $ch;
    }

    //查询表中字段
    public function field(){
        //dump($this->pdo);
        $ch = $this->pdo->query('desc '.$this->table);

        //echo $this->table;
        $data = $ch->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

        $arr = array();
        foreach($data as $val){
            $arr[] = $val['Field'];
        }
        return $arr;

    }

    public function redun($data=array()) {
        //获取表字段
        $field=$this->field();
        //循环去除重复字段
        foreach($data as $key=>$val){
            if(!in_array($key, $field)) {
                unset ($data[$key]);
            }
        }
        return $data;
    }
}