装饰者模式

装饰者模式：动态的讲责任附加到对象。若要扩展功能，装饰者提供了比继承更有弹性的替代方案；

关键：装饰者和被装饰着必须是一样的类型，即有共同的超类；利用继承达到类型匹配，而不是获得行为；

原则：对扩展开放，对修改关闭；

缺点：装饰者会导致设计中出现许多小对象，如果过度使用，会让程序变得很复杂；

书中类图框架：

装饰方式：

部分代码：

//装饰者模式
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>

class Beverage{
	string description;
public:
	Beverage():description("Unknown Beverage"){};
	void set_decrp( const string& str ){
		description = str;
	}
	virtual string getdescription(){
		return description;
	}
	virtual double cost(){
		return 0.0;
	}
};
class Espresso:public Beverage{
public:
	Espresso(){
		set_decrp( "Espresso");
	}
	double cost(){
		return 1.99;
	}
};
class HouseBlend:public Beverage{
public:
	HouseBlend(){
		set_decrp( "House Blend Coffee");
	}
	double cost(){
		return 0.89;
	}
};
class CondimentDecrator:public Beverage{
public:
	virtual string getdescription(){
		return Beverage::getdescription();
	}
};
class Mocha:public CondimentDecrator{
	Beverage *beverage;
public:
	Mocha(Beverage *beverage){
		this->beverage = beverage;
	}
	string getdescription(){
		return beverage->getdescription() + " , Mocha";
	}
	double cost(){
		return 0.20 + beverage->cost();
	}
};
class Soy:public CondimentDecrator{
	Beverage *beverage;
public:
	Soy(Beverage *beverage){
		this->beverage = beverage;
	}
	string getdescription(){
		return beverage->getdescription() + " , Soy";
	}
	double cost(){
		return 0.15 + beverage->cost();
	}
};
class Whip:public CondimentDecrator{
	Beverage *beverage;
public:
	Whip(Beverage *beverage){
		this->beverage = beverage;
	}
	string getdescription(){
		return beverage->getdescription() + " , Whip";
	}
	double cost(){
		return 0.10 + beverage->cost();
	}
};
void test()
{
	Beverage *beverage = new Espresso();
	beverage = new Mocha( beverage );
	beverage = new Mocha( beverage );
	beverage = new Whip( beverage );
	cout<<beverage->getdescription()<<" $"<<beverage->cost()<<endl;
}

int main()
{
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>test();
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>return 0;
}

/*

*/