本文翻译自:Length of string in bash
How do you get the length of a string stored in a variable and assign that to another variable? 如何获取存储在变量中的字符串的长度并将其分配给另一个变量?
myvar="some string"
echo ${#myvar}
# 11
How do you set another variable to the output 11
? 如何为输出11
设置另一个变量?
#1楼
参考:https://stackoom.com/question/1AsE7/bash中的字符串长度
#2楼
To get the length of a string stored in a variable, say: 要获取存储在变量中的字符串的长度,请说:
myvar="some string"
size=${#myvar}
To confirm it was properly saved, echo
it: 要确认已正确保存,请echo
它:
$ echo "$size"
11
#3楼
If you want to use this with command line or function arguments, make sure you use size=${#1}
instead of size=${#$1}
. 如果要在命令行或函数参数中使用它,请确保使用size=${#1}
而不是size=${#$1}
。 The second one may be more instinctual but is incorrect syntax. 第二个可能更本能,但语法不正确。
#4楼
You can use: 您可以使用:
MYSTRING="abc123"
MYLENGTH=$(printf "%s" "$MYSTRING" | wc -c)
-
wc -c
orwc --bytes
for byte counts = Unicode characters are counted with 2, 3 or more bytes.wc -c
或wc --bytes
用于字节计数= Unicode字符以2、3或更多字节计。 -
wc -m
orwc --chars
for character counts = Unicode characters are counted single until they use more bytes.wc -m
或wc --chars
用于字符计数= Unicode字符wc --chars
次计数,直到它们使用更多字节为止。
#5楼
UTF-8 string length UTF-8字符串长度
In addition to fedorqui's correct answer , I would like to show the difference between string length and byte length: 除了fedorqui的正确答案之外 ,我还要显示字符串长度和字节长度之间的区别:
myvar='Généralités'
chrlen=${#myvar}
oLang=$LANG oLcAll=$LC_ALL
LANG=C LC_ALL=C
bytlen=${#myvar}
LANG=$oLang LC_ALL=$oLcAll
printf "%s is %d char len, but %d bytes len.\n" "${myvar}" $chrlen $bytlen
will render: 将呈现:
Généralités is 11 char len, but 14 bytes len.
you could even have a look at stored chars: 您甚至可以查看存储的字符:
myvar='Généralités'
chrlen=${#myvar}
oLang=$LANG oLcAll=$LC_ALL
LANG=C LC_ALL=C
bytlen=${#myvar}
printf -v myreal "%q" "$myvar"
LANG=$oLang LC_ALL=$oLcAll
printf "%s has %d chars, %d bytes: (%s).\n" "${myvar}" $chrlen $bytlen "$myreal"
will answer: 会回答:
Généralités has 11 chars, 14 bytes: ($'G\303\251n\303\251ralit\303\251s').
Nota: According to Isabell Cowan's comment , I've added setting to $LC_ALL
along with $LANG
. Nota:根据Isabell Cowan的评论 ,我在$LC_ALL
和$LANG
添加了设置。
Length of an argument 参数长度
Argument work same as regular variables 参数工作与常规变量相同
strLen() {
local bytlen sreal oLang=$LANG oLcAll=$LC_ALL
LANG=C LC_ALL=C
bytlen=${#1}
printf -v sreal %q "$1"
LANG=$oLang LC_ALL=$oLcAll
printf "String '%s' is %d bytes, but %d chars len: %s.\n" "$1" $bytlen ${#1} "$sreal"
}
will work as 将作为
strLen théorème
String 'théorème' is 10 bytes, but 8 chars len: $'th\303\251or\303\250me'
Useful printf
correction tool: 有用的printf
校正工具:
If you: 如果你:
for string in Généralités Language Théorème Février "Left: ←" "Yin Yang ☯";do
printf " - %-14s is %2d char length\n" "'$string'" ${#string}
done
- 'Généralités' is 11 char length
- 'Language' is 8 char length
- 'Théorème' is 8 char length
- 'Février' is 7 char length
- 'Left: ←' is 7 char length
- 'Yin Yang ☯' is 10 char length
Not really pretty ... For this, there is a little function: 不太漂亮 ...为此,有一个小功能:
strU8DiffLen () {
local bytlen oLang=$LANG oLcAll=$LC_ALL
LANG=C LC_ALL=C
bytlen=${#1}
LANG=$oLang LC_ALL=$oLcAll
return $(( bytlen - ${#1} ))
}
Then now: 那么现在:
for string in Généralités Language Théorème Février "Left: ←" "Yin Yang ☯";do
strU8DiffLen "$string"
printf " - %-$((14+$?))s is %2d chars length, but uses %2d bytes\n" \
"'$string'" ${#string} $((${#string}+$?))
done
- 'Généralités' is 11 chars length, but uses 14 bytes
- 'Language' is 8 chars length, but uses 8 bytes
- 'Théorème' is 8 chars length, but uses 10 bytes
- 'Février' is 7 chars length, but uses 8 bytes
- 'Left: ←' is 7 chars length, but uses 9 bytes
- 'Yin Yang ☯' is 10 chars length, but uses 12 bytes
But there left some strange UTF-8 behaviour, like double-spaced chars, zero spaced chars, reverse deplacement and other that could not be as simple... Have a look at diffU8test.sh or diffU8test.sh.txt for more limitations. 但是还有一些奇怪的UTF-8行为,例如双倍行距字符,零行距字符,反向移位以及其他可能不那么简单的...请查看diffU8test.sh或diffU8test.sh.txt以了解更多限制。
#6楼
I would use something like this: 我会用这样的东西:
var2=$(echo $myvar | wc -c)
You don't need a script. 您不需要脚本。