使用正常实例恢复异常实例参数文件RMAN-06564: must use the TO clause when the instance is started with SPFILE

数据库有多个实例，使用正常实例恢复异常实例的参数文件

RMAN> restore spfile from '/home/oracle/spfilebak.old';

Starting restore at 12-MAR-19
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=156 device type=DISK

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/12/2019 18:05:00
RMAN-06564: must use the TO clause when the instance is started with SPFILE

参数文件恢复时候遇到的问题及注意事项，本案例中没有使用伪实例启动，而是数据库中装了多实例，
使用另外一个正常实例镜像恢复案例


[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Mar 12 18:00:48 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount;

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area    1603411968 bytes

Fixed Size                     2228784 bytes
Variable Size               1090522576 bytes
Database Buffers             503316480 bytes
Redo Buffers                   7344128 bytes


RMAN> restore spfile from '/home/oracle/spfilebak.old';

Starting restore at 12-MAR-19
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=156 device type=DISK

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/12/2019 18:05:00
RMAN-06564: must use the TO clause when the instance is started with SPFILE

出现如上提示的原因：提示当前实例使用的是spfile的配置启动（因为我用orcl实例启动到了nomount还原rzxerp参数文件，没有使用rzxerp空实例方式），因此resotre的时候需要指定spfile还原的路径，不能还原到默认的路径$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/

RMAN> restore spfile to '/home/oracle/spfile0312.ora' from '/home/oracle/spfilebak.old';

Starting restore at 12-MAR-19
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /home/oracle/spfilebak.old
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 12-MAR-19

RMAN> shutdown abort;

Oracle instance shut down

--复制参数文件
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mv spfile0312.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfilerzxerp.ora


SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1603411968 bytes
Fixed Size		    2228784 bytes
Variable Size		 1090522576 bytes
Database Buffers	  503316480 bytes
Redo Buffers		    7344128 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.