Python3 urllib.parse

urllib.parse分为URL parsing and URL quoting，即网址解析和网址引用。

URL解析函数专注于将URL字符串拆分为其组件，或将URL组件组合到URL字符串中。

urllib.parse.urlparse(urlstring, scheme='', allow_fragments=True)

>>> from urllib.parse import urlparse
>>> o = urlparse('http://www.cwi.nl:80/%7Eguido/Python.html')
>>> o   
ParseResult(scheme='http', netloc='www.cwi.nl:80', path='/%7Eguido/Python.html',
            params='', query='', fragment='')
>>> o.scheme
'http'
>>> o.port
80
>>> o.geturl()
'http://www.cwi.nl:80/%7Eguido/Python.html'

>>> from urllib.parse import urlparse
>>> urlparse('//www.cwi.nl:80/%7Eguido/Python.html')
ParseResult(scheme='', netloc='www.cwi.nl:80', path='/%7Eguido/Python.html',
           params='', query='', fragment='')
>>> urlparse('www.cwi.nl/%7Eguido/Python.html')
ParseResult(scheme='', netloc='', path='www.cwi.nl/%7Eguido/Python.html',
           params='', query='', fragment='')
>>> urlparse('help/Python.html')
ParseResult(scheme='', netloc='', path='help/Python.html', params='',
           query='', fragment='')

urllib.parse.urlsplit(urlstring, scheme='', allow_fragments=True)
使用方法同上

合并URL

urll.parse.urlencode()

urllib.parse.urlunsplit(parts)

urllib.parse.urljoin(base, url, allow_fragments=True)

>>> from urllib.parse import urljoin
>>> urljoin('http://www.cwi.nl/%7Eguido/Python.html', 'FAQ.html')
'http://www.cwi.nl/%7Eguido/FAQ.html'